Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Exodus 7

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Introduction

1  Moses and Aaron are encouraged to go again to Pharaoh.
7  Their age.
8  Aaron's rod is turned into a serpent.
11  The sorcerers do the like; but their rods are swallowed up by Aaron's.
13  Pharaoh's heart is hardened.
14  God's message to Pharaoh.
19  The river is turned into blood; and the consequent distress of the Egyptians.
Verse 1

And the LORD said unto Moses, See, I have made thee a god to Pharaoh: and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet.
See
16:29, Genesis 19:21, 1 Kings 17:23, 2 Kings 6:32, Ecclesiastes 1:10
a god
4:15,16, Psalms 82:6, Jeremiah 1:10, John 10:35,36
Verse 2

Thou shalt speak all that I command thee: and Aaron thy brother shall speak unto Pharaoh, that he send the children of Israel out of his land.
4:15, 6:29, Deuteronomy 4:2, 1 Kings 22:14, Jeremiah 1:7,17, Ezekiel 3:10,17, Matthew 28:20, Acts 20:27
Verse 3

And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of Egypt.
And I
4:21,29
multiply
4:7, 9:16, 11:9, Deuteronomy 4:34, 7:19, Nehemiah 9:10, Psalms 78:43-51, 105:27-36, Psalms 135:9, Isaiah 51:9, Jeremiah 32:20,21, Micah 7:15, John 4:48, Acts 2:22, 7:36, Romans 15:19
Verse 4

But Pharaoh shall not hearken unto you, that I may lay my hand upon Egypt, and bring forth mine armies, and my people the children of Israel, out of the land of Egypt by great judgments.
that I
9:3, 10:1, 11:9, Judges 2:15, Lamentations 3:3
armies
6:26, 12:51
by great
6:6, Proverbs 19:29, Isaiah 26:9, Ezekiel 14:21, 25:11, 30:14,19, Revelation 15:4, 16:7, Revelation 19:2
Verse 5

And the Egyptians shall know that I am the LORD, when I stretch forth mine hand upon Egypt, and bring out the children of Israel from among them.
Egyptians
17, 8:10,22, 14:4,18, Psalms 9:16, Ezekiel 25:17, 28:22, 36:23, 39:7,22
I stretch
3:20
Verse 6

And Moses and Aaron did as the LORD commanded them, so did they.
2,10, 12:28, 39:43, 40:16, Genesis 6:22, 22:18, Psalms 119:4, John 15:10,14
Verse 7

And Moses was fourscore years old, and Aaron fourscore and three years old, when they spake unto Pharaoh.
2:23, Genesis 41:46, Deuteronomy 29:5, 31:2, 34:7, Psalms 90:10, Acts 7:23,30
Verse 9

When Pharaoh shall speak unto you, saying, Shew a miracle for you: then thou shalt say unto Aaron, Take thy rod, and cast it before Pharaoh, and it shall become a serpent.
Shew
Isaiah 7:11, Matthew 12:39, John 2:18, 6:30, 10:38
Take
10-12, 4:2,17,20, 9:23, 10:13
a serpent
Psalms 74:12,13, Ezekiel 29:3
Verse 10

And Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharaoh, and they did so as the LORD had commanded: and Aaron cast down his rod before Pharaoh, and before his servants, and it became a serpent.
as the Lord
it became
4:3, Amos 9:3, Mark 16:18, Luke 10:19
Verse 11

Then Pharaoh also called the wise men and the sorcerers: now the magicians of Egypt, they also did in like manner with their enchantments.
wise men
Genesis 41:8,38,39, Isaiah 19:11,12, 47:12,13, Daniel 2:2,27, 4:7-9, 5:7,11, 2 Timothy 3:8, Revelation 19:20
sorcerers
Mechashshaphim, probably from the Arabic kashapha, to discover, reveal, signifies diviners, or those who pretended to reveal futurity, to discover things lost, or to find hidden treasures.
they also
22, 8:7,18, Deuteronomy 13:1-3, Matthew 24:24, Galatians 3:1, Ephesians 4:14, 2 Thessalonians 2:9, Revelation 13:11-15
enchantments
By the word lahatim, from lahat, to burn, may be meant such incantations as required lustral fires, fumigations, etc.
Verse 12

For they cast down every man his rod, and they became serpents: but Aaron's rod swallowed up their rods.
but Aaron's
8:18,19, 9:11, Acts 8:9-13, 13:8-11, 19:19,20, 1 John 4:4
Verse 13

And he hardened Pharaoh's heart, that he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said.
4, 4:21, 8:15, 10:1,20,27, 14:17, Deuteronomy 2:30, Zechariah 7:11,12, Romans 1:28, 2:5, Hebrews 3:7,8,13
Verse 14

And the LORD said unto Moses, Pharaoh's heart is hardened, he refuseth to let the people go.
Pharaoh's
8:15, 10:1,20,27, Zechariah 7:12
he refuseth
4:23, 8:2, 9:2, 10:4, Isaiah 1:20, Jeremiah 8:5, 9:6, Hebrews 12:25
Verse 15

Get thee unto Pharaoh in the morning; lo, he goeth out unto the water; and thou shalt stand by the river's brink against he come; and the rod which was turned to a serpent shalt thou take in thine hand.
he goeth
2:5, 8:20, Ezekiel 29:3
the rod
10, 4:2-4
Verse 16

And thou shalt say unto him, The LORD God of the Hebrews hath sent me unto thee, saying, Let my people go, that they may serve me in the wilderness: and, behold, hitherto thou wouldest not hear.
The Lord
3:18, 5:3, 9:1,13, 10:3, 1 Samuel 4:6-9
Let my
8:1,20, 13:15, 14:5, Isaiah 45:13, Jeremiah 50:33, Acts 4:21-23
serve
3:12,18, 5:1-3, 9:1
Verse 17

Thus saith the LORD, In this thou shalt know that I am the LORD: behold, I will smite with the rod that is in mine hand upon the waters which are in the river, and they shall be turned to blood.
thou shalt
5, 5:2, 6:7, 1 Samuel 17:46,47, 1 Kings 20:28, 2 Kings 19:19, Psalms 9:16, 83:18, Ezekiel 29:9, 30:8,19, 32:15, 38:23, 39:28, Daniel 4:17,32,37, 5:21,23
and they
1:22, 4:9, Psalms 78:44, 105:29, Revelation 8:8, 16:3-6
Verse 18

And the fish that is in the river shall die, and the river shall stink; and the Egyptians shall lothe to drink of the water of the river.
the fish
Egyptians
"The water of Egypt," says Abbé Mascrier, "is so delicious, that one would not wish the heat to be less, or to be delivered from the sensation of thirst. The Turks find it so exquisite, that they excite themselves to drink of it by eating salt." "A person," adds Mr. Harmer, "who never before heard of the deliciousness of the Nile water, and of the large quantities which on that account are drunk of it, will, I am sure, find an energy in those words of Moses to Pharaoh, the Egyptians shall loathe to drink of the water of the river, which he never did before."
shall loathe
24, Numbers 11:20, 21:5
Verse 19

And the LORD spake unto Moses, Say unto Aaron, Take thy rod, and stretch out thine hand upon the waters of Egypt, upon their streams, upon their rivers, and upon their ponds, and upon all their pools of water, that they may become blood; and that there may be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, both in vessels of wood, and in vessels of stone.
stretch
8:5,6,16, 9:22,23,33, 10:12,21, 14:21,26
their pools
Heb. gathering of their waters.
Genesis 1:10
Verse 20

And Moses and Aaron did so, as the LORD commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and smote the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood.
he lifted
17:5,6,9-12, Numbers 20:8-12
all the waters
As the Nile was held sacred by the Egyptians, as well as the animals it contained, to which they annually sacrificed a girl, or as others say, both a boy and girl, God might have designed this plague as a punishment for such idolatry and cruelty; and to shew them the baseness of those elements which they reverenced, and the insufficiency of the gods in which they trusted. All the punishments brought upon them bore a strict analogy to their crimes.
17,18, Psalms 78:44, 105:29, John 2:9-11, Revelation 8:8
Verse 21

And the fish that was in the river died; and the river stank, and the Egyptians could not drink of the water of the river; and there was blood throughout all the land of Egypt.
18, Revelation 8:9; The first miracle of Christ turned water into wine, the first plague upon Egypt turned all their water into blood.
Verse 22

And the magicians of Egypt did so with their enchantments: and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, neither did he hearken unto them; as the LORD had said.
magicians
11, 8:7,8, Jeremiah 27:18, 2 Timothy 3:8
and Pharaoh's
as the
Verse 23

And Pharaoh turned and went into his house, neither did he set his heart to this also.
neither
9:21, Deuteronomy 32:46, 1 Samuel 4:20; *marg:; Job 7:17, Psalms 62:10, Proverbs 22:17, 24:32; *marg:; Proverbs 29:1, Isaiah 26:11, Jeremiah 5:3, 36:24, Ezekiel 40:4, Amos 4:7-12, Habakkuk 1:5, Malachi 2:2
Verse 24

And all the Egyptians digged round about the river for water to drink; for they could not drink of the water of the river.
for they
Verse 25

And seven days were fulfilled, after that the LORD had smitten the river.
8:9,10, 10:23, 2 Samuel 24:13

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