Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Exodus 6

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Introduction

1  God renews his promise by his name JEHOVAH.
9  Moses vainly attempts to encourage the Israelites.
10  He and Aaron are again sent to Pharaoh.
14  The genealogy of Reuben, of Simeon, and of Levi, of whom came Moses and Aaron.
26  The history resumed.
Verse 1

Then the LORD said unto Moses, Now shalt thou see what I will do to Pharaoh: for with a strong hand shall he let them go, and with a strong hand shall he drive them out of his land.
Now shalt
14:13, Numbers 23:23, Deuteronomy 32:39, 2 Kings 7:2,19, 2 Chronicles 20:17, Psalms 12:5
with a strong
3:19,20, Deuteronomy 4:34, Psalms 89:13, 136:12, Isaiah 63:12, Ezekiel 20:33,34
drive them
11:1, 12:31,33,39
Verse 2

And God spake unto Moses, and said unto him, I am the LORD:
I am the Lord
or, Jehovah.
6,8, 14:18, 17:1, 20:2, Genesis 15:7, Isaiah 42:8, 43:11,15, 44:6, Jeremiah 9:24, Malachi 3:6, Acts 17:24,25
Verse 3

And I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, by the name of God Almighty, but by my name JEHOVAH was I not known to them.
God Almighty
El shadday, God Almighty; for shadday is evidently of affinity with the Arabic shadid, strong, mighty, and shiddat, strength, might; so the LXX. in Job render it [panto krator] Vulgate, in Pentateuch, Omnipotens, and Syriac, in Job, chasino.
Genesis 17:1, 28:3, 35:11, 48:3
but by my name
If Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, did not know the name Jehovah, then Moses must have used it in Genesis by prolepsis, or anticipation. Mr. Locke and others read it interrogatively, for the negative particle, lo, not, has frequently this power in Hebrew: "I appeared unto Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, by the name of God Almighty, and by my name Jehovah was I not also made known unto them?"
JEHOVAH
3:14, Genesis 12:7,8, 13:18, 22:14, Psalms 68:4
JAH
Psalms 83:18, Isaiah 42:8, 44:6, 52:5,6, John 8:58, Revelation 1:4
Verse 4

And I have also established my covenant with them, to give them the land of Canaan, the land of their pilgrimage, wherein they were strangers.
established
Genesis 6:18, 15:18, 17:7,8,13, 28:4, 2 Samuel 23:5, Isaiah 55:3
the land of their
Genesis 15:13, 17:8, 23:4, 26:3, Psalms 105:12, Acts 7:5
Verse 5

And I have also heard the groaning of the children of Israel, whom the Egyptians keep in bondage; and I have remembered my covenant.
the groaning
2:24, 3:7, Psalms 106:44, Isaiah 63:9
I have remembered
2:24, Genesis 8:1, 9:15, Psalms 105:8, 106:45, Luke 1:54,72
Verse 6

Wherefore say unto the children of Israel, I am the LORD, and I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I will rid you out of their bondage, and I will redeem you with a stretched out arm, and with great judgments:
I am the Lord
2,8,29, Ezekiel 20:7-9
I will bring
3:17, 7:4, Deuteronomy 26:8, Psalms 81:6, 136:11,12
redeem
15:13, Deuteronomy 4:23, 7:8, 15:15, 2 Kings 17:36, 1 Chronicles 17:21, Nehemiah 1:10, Isaiah 9:12,17,21
Verse 7

And I will take you to me for a people, and I will be to you a God: and ye shall know that I am the LORD your God, which bringeth you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians.
will take
19:5,6, Genesis 17:7,8, Deuteronomy 4:20, 7:6, 14:2, 26:18, 2 Samuel 7:23,24, Jeremiah 31:33, Hosea 1:10, 1 Peter 2:10
I will be
29:45,46, Deuteronomy 29:13, Zechariah 13:9, Matthew 22:32, Romans 8:31, Hebrews 11:16, Revelation 21:3,7
from under
5:4,5, Psalms 81:6
Verse 8

And I will bring you in unto the land, concerning the which I did swear to give it to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob; and I will give it you for an heritage: I am the LORD.
swear
Heb. lift up my hand. The ancient mode of appealing to God was by lifting up the right hand, and was considered as a form of swearing. Hence yamin, in Hebrew the right hand, is in Arabic an oath, and as a verb, to take an oath. A similar custom prevailed among the heathens. See Virg. Æn. 1. xii. v. 196.
Genesis 14:22, Deuteronomy 32:40, Ezekiel 20:5,6,15,23,28,42, 36:7, 47:14
to give
32:13, Genesis 15:18, 22:16,17, 26:3, 28:13, 35:12
I am
2, Numbers 23:19, 1 Samuel 15:29
Verse 9

And Moses spake so unto the children of Israel: but they hearkened not unto Moses for anguish of spirit, and for cruel bondage.
hearkened
5:21, 14:12, Job 21:4, Proverbs 14:19
anguish
Heb. shortness. or, straitness.
Numbers 21:4
Verse 11

Go in, speak unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, that he let the children of Israel go out of his land.
29, 3:10, 5:1,23, 7:1
Verse 12

And Moses spake before the LORD, saying, Behold, the children of Israel have not hearkened unto me; how then shall Pharaoh hear me, who am of uncircumcised lips?
children
9, 3:13, 4:29-31, 5:19-21
am
The italics shew that this word has been supplied by our translators; hence it may be inferred by some that Moses was uncircumcised. The difficulty is in some measure cleared away, by using the word uncircumcised in the sense of unsuitable or incapacitated, see ver. 30, which agrees with ch. 4:10 where Moses complains of want of eloquence; but by substituting is for am in this place, the connection with the former part of the verse is preserved; "For if the chosen seed, the circumcised sons of Jacob, refuse to hear me," as though Moses had said, "how can I expect to make uncircumcised Pharaoh pay attention to me?"
30, 4:10, Leviticus 26:41, Deuteronomy 30:6, Isaiah 6:5, Jeremiah 1:6, 6:10, 9:26, Acts 7:51
Verse 13

And the LORD spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, and gave them a charge unto the children of Israel, and unto Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.
Numbers 27:19,23, Deuteronomy 31:14, Psalms 91:11, Matthew 4:6, 1 Timothy 1:18, 5:21, 6:13,17, 2 Timothy 2:4, 4:1
Verse 14

These be the heads of their fathers' houses: The sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel; Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi: these be the families of Reuben.
the heads
25, Joshua 14:1, 19:51, 1 Chronicles 5:24, 7:2,7, 8:6
The sons
Genesis 46:9, 49:3,4, Numbers 26:5,6, 1 Chronicles 5:3
these be
Numbers 26:7, Joshua 13:15,23
Verse 15

And the sons of Simeon; Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanitish woman: these are the families of Simeon.
sons
Genesis 46:10, Numbers 26:12,13, 1 Chronicles 4:24
Nemuel
Jarib. Zerah.
Verse 16

And these are the names of the sons of Levi according to their generations; Gershon, and Kohath, and Merari: and the years of the life of Levi were an hundred thirty and seven years.
sons
Genesis 46:11, Numbers 3:17, 1 Chronicles 6:1,16
Kohath
Numbers 26:57, 1 Chronicles 23:6
an hundred
18,20, Genesis 35:28, 47:28, 50:26
Verse 17

The sons of Gershon; Libni, and Shimi, according to their families.
Genesis 46:11, Numbers 3:18
Shimei
1 Chronicles 6:17, 23:7
Laadan
Shimei.
Verse 18

And the sons of Kohath; Amram, and Izhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel: and the years of the life of Kohath were an hundred thirty and three years.
sons
Numbers 3:19
Izehar
Numbers 26:57, 1 Chronicles 6:2,18
and the years
Verse 19

And the sons of Merari; Mahali and Mushi: these are the families of Levi according to their generations.
Numbers 3:20, 1 Chronicles 6:19, 23:21
Verse 20

And Amram took him Jochebed his father's sister to wife; and she bare him Aaron and Moses: and the years of the life of Amram were an hundred and thirty and seven years.
Amram
2:1,2, Numbers 26:59
and the years
The Samaritan, LXX., Syriac, and one Hebrew MS. add, "And Miriam their sister;" which some of the best critics suppose to have been originally in the text.
16,18
Verse 21

And the sons of Izhar; Korah, and Nepheg, and Zichri.
Korah
24, Numbers 16:1,32, 26:10,11, 1 Chronicles 6:37,38
Verse 22

And the sons of Uzziel; Mishael, and Elzaphan, and Zithri.
Leviticus 10:4, Nehemiah 3:20
Verse 23

And Aaron took him Elisheba, daughter of Amminadab, sister of Naashon, to wife; and she bare him Nadab, and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
Elisheba
Luke 1:5
Amminadab
Numbers 1:7, 2:3, Ruth 4:19,20, 1 Chronicles 2:10, Matthew 1:4
Nadab
24:1,9, Leviticus 10:1,2, Numbers 3:2-4, 20:25, 26:60,61, 1 Chronicles 6:3, 24:1,2
Verse 24

And the sons of Korah; Assir, and Elkanah, and Abiasaph: these are the families of the Korhites.
Korah
21, Numbers 16:1,32, 26:9-11, 1 Chronicles 6:22,33,37,38, Psalms 84:1-12, Psalms 85:1; *titles
Elkanah
1 Samuel 1:1, 1 Chronicles 6:23,27,28
Verse 25

And Eleazar Aaron's son took him one of the daughters of Putiel to wife; and she bare him Phinehas: these are the heads of the fathers of the Levites according to their families.
Phinehas
Numbers 25:7-13, 31:6, Joshua 22:13,31,32, 24:33, Judges 20:28, Psalms 106:30,31
the heads
Verse 26

These are that Aaron and Moses, to whom the LORD said, Bring out the children of Israel from the land of Egypt according to their armies.
That Aaron
13,20, Joshua 24:5, 1 Samuel 12:6,8, 1 Chronicles 6:3, Psalms 77:20, 99:6, Micah 6:4
Bring
7, 3:10,11, 20:2, 32:1,7,11, Acts 7:35,36
armies
7:4, 12:17,51, 13:18, Genesis 2:1, Numbers 33:1
Verse 27

These are they which spake to Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring out the children of Israel from Egypt: these are that Moses and Aaron.
spake
5:1-3, 7:10
to bring
13,26, 32:7, 33:1, Psalms 77:20, Micah 6:4
Verse 29

That the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, I am the LORD: speak thou unto Pharaoh king of Egypt all that I say unto thee.
I am the
2,6,8
speak
11, 7:2, Jeremiah 1:7,8,17-19, 23:28, 26:2, Ezekiel 2:6,7, 3:11,17, Matthew 28:20, Acts 20:27
Verse 30

And Moses said before the LORD, Behold, I am of uncircumcised lips, and how shall Pharaoh hearken unto me?
uncircumcised
12, 4:10, 1 Corinthians 9:16,17

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