Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Luke 4

Introduction

1	The temptation and fasting of Christ.
14	He begins to preach.
16	The people of Nazareth admire his gracious words, but being offended, seek to kill him.
33	He cures one possessed of a devil,
38	Peter's mother-in-law,
40	and divers other sick persons.
41	The devils acknowledge Christ, and are reproved for it.
42	He preaches through the cities of Galilee.

Verse 1

And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost returned from Jordan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness,

A. M. 4031. A.D. 27
Jesus: Matthew 4:1-11
full: 14,18, 3:22, Isaiah 11:2-4, 61:1, Matthew 3:16, John 1:32, 3:34, Acts 1:2, 10:38
and was: 2:27, 1 Kings 18:12, Ezekiel 3:14, Mark 1:12,13, Acts 8:39
wilderness: 1 Kings 19:4, Mark 1:13

Verses 1-13

And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost returned from Jordan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness,

A. M. 4031. A.D. 27
Jesus: Matthew 4:1-11
full: 14,18, 3:22, Isaiah 11:2-4, 61:1, Matthew 3:16, John 1:32, 3:34, Acts 1:2, 10:38
and was: 2:27, 1 Kings 18:12, Ezekiel 3:14, Mark 1:12,13, Acts 8:39
wilderness: 1 Kings 19:4, Mark 1:13

Verse 2

Being forty days tempted of the devil. And in those days he did eat nothing: and when they were ended, he afterward hungered.

forty: Exodus 24:18, 34:28, Deuteronomy 9:9,18,25, 1 Kings 19:8, Matthew 4:2
tempted: Genesis 3:15, 1 Samuel 17:16, Hebrews 2:18
he did: Esther 4:16, Jonah 3:7
he afterward: Matthew 21:18, John 4:6, Hebrews 4:15

Verse 3

And the devil said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, command this stone that it be made bread.

3:22, Matthew 4:3

Verse 4

And Jesus answered him, saying, It is written, That man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God.

It: 8,10, Isaiah 8:20, John 10:34,35, Ephesians 6:17
That: 22:35, Exodus 23:25, Deuteronomy 8:3, Jeremiah 49:11, Matthew 4:4, 6:25,26,31

Verse 5

And the devil, taking him up into an high mountain, shewed unto him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time.

taking: Mark 4:8,9, 1 Corinthians 7:31, Ephesians 2:2, 6:12, 1 John 2:15,16
in: Job 20:5, Psalms 73:19, 1 Corinthians 15:52, 2 Corinthians 4:17

Verse 6

And the devil said unto him, All this power will I give thee, and the glory of them: for that is delivered unto me; and to whomsoever I will I give it.

All: John 8:44, 2 Corinthians 11:14, Revelation 12:9, 20:2,3
and the: Esther 5:11, Isaiah 5:14, 23:9, 1 Peter 1:24
and to: John 12:31, 14:30, Ephesians 2:2, Revelation 13:2,7

Verse 7

If thou therefore wilt worship me, all shall be thine.

worship me: or, fall down before me.; 8:28, 17:16, Psalms 72:11, Isaiah 45:14, 46:6, Matthew 2:11, Revelation 4:10, 5:8, 22:8

Verse 8

And Jesus answered and said unto him, Get thee behind me, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.

Get: Matthew 4:10, 16:23, James 4:7, 1 Peter 5:9
for: 4, Deuteronomy 6:13, 10:20, Matthew 4:10, Revelation 19:10, 22:9
only: 1 Samuel 7:3, 2 Kings 19:15, Psalms 83:18, Isaiah 2:11

Verse 9

And he brought him to Jerusalem, and set him on a pinnacle of the temple, and said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down from hence:

brought: Job 2:6, Matthew 4:5
on: 2 Chronicles 3:4
If: 3, Matthew 4:6, 8:29, Romans 1:4

Verse 10

For it is written, He shall give his angels charge over thee, to keep thee:

it: 3,8, 2 Corinthians 11:14
He: Psalms 91:11,12, Hebrews 1:14

Verse 12

And Jesus answering said unto him, It is said, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God.

Thou: Deuteronomy 6:16, Psalms 95:9, 106:14, Malachi 3:15, Matthew 4:7, 1 Corinthians 10:9, Hebrews 3:8,9

Verse 13

And when the devil had ended all the temptation, he departed from him for a season.

Matthew 4:11, John 14:30, Hebrews 4:15, James 4:7

Verse 14

And Jesus returned in the power of the Spirit into Galilee: and there went out a fame of him through all the region round about.

returned: Matthew 4:12, Mark 1:14, John 4:43, Acts 10:37
in
and there: Matthew 4:23-25, Mark 1:28

Verse 14-15

And Jesus returned in the power of the Spirit into Galilee: and there went out a fame of him through all the region round about.

returned: Matthew 4:12, Mark 1:14, John 4:43, Acts 10:37
in
and there: Matthew 4:23-25, Mark 1:28

Verse 15

And he taught in their synagogues, being glorified of all.

he: 16, 13:10, Matthew 4:23, 9:35, 13:54, Mark 1:39
being: Isaiah 55:5, Matthew 9:8, Mark 1:27,45

Verse 16

And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the synagogue on the sabbath day, and stood up for to read.

to: 1:26,27, 2:39,51, Matthew 2:23, 13:54, Mark 6:1
as: 15, 2:42, John 18:20, Acts 17:2
and stood: Acts 13:14-16

Verse 17

And there was delivered unto him the book of the prophet Esaias. And when he had opened the book, he found the place where it was written,

the book: 20:42, Acts 7:42, 13:15,27
he had: [anaptusso] "unrolled the book;" the Sacred Writings being anciently (as they are still in the synagogues) written on skins of parchment, and rolled on two rollers, beginning on each end, so that in reading from right to left, they rolled off with the left hand while they rolled on with the right.
the place: Isaiah 61:1-3

Verse 18

The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised,

Spirit: Psalms 45:7, Isaiah 11:2-5, 42:1-4, 50:4, 59:21
anointed: Psalms 2:2,6; *marg:; Daniel 9:24, John 1:41, Acts 4:27, 10:38
to preach: 6:20, 7:22, Isaiah 29:19, Zephaniah 3:12, Zechariah 11:11, Matthew 5:3, 11:5, James 2:5
to heal: 2 Chronicles 34:27, Psalms 34:18, 51:17, 147:3, Isaiah 57:15, 66:2, Ezekiel 9:4
to preach deliverance: Psalms 102:20, 107:10-16, 146:7, Isaiah 42:7, 45:13, 49:9,24,25, 52:2,3, Zechariah 9:11,12, Colossians 1:13
and: Psalms 146:8, Isaiah 29:18,19, 32:3, 35:5, 42:16-18, 60:1,2, Malachi 4:2, Matthew 4:16, 9:27-30, 11:5, John 9:39-41, 12:46, Acts 26:18, Ephesians 5:8-14, 1 Thessalonians 5:5,6, 1 Peter 2:9, 1 John 2:8-10
bruised: Genesis 3:15, Isaiah 42:3, Matthew 12:20

Verse 19

To preach the acceptable year of the Lord.

19:42, Leviticus 25:8-13,50-54, Numbers 36:4, Isaiah 61:2, 63:4, 2 Corinthians 6:1

Verse 20

And he closed the book, and he gave it again to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that were in the synagogue were fastened on him.

and he: 17, Matthew 20:26-28
and sat: 5:3, Matthew 5:1,2, 13:1,2, John 8:2, Acts 13:14-16, 16:13
And the: 19:48, Acts 3:12

Verse 21

And he began to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears.

This day: 10:23,24, Matthew 13:14, John 4:25,26, 5:39, Acts 2:16-18,29-33, 3:18

Verse 22

And all bare him witness, and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded out of his mouth. And they said, Is not this Joseph's son?

the gracious: 2:47, 21:15, Psalms 45:2,4, Proverbs 10:32, 16:21, 25:11, Ecclesiastes 12:10,11, Song of Solomon 5:16, Isaiah 50:4, Matthew 13:54, Mark 6:2, John 7:46, Acts 6:10, Titus 2:8
Is not: Matthew 13:55,56, Mark 6:3, John 6:42

Verse 23

And he said unto them, Ye will surely say unto me this proverb, Physician, heal thyself: whatsoever we have heard done in Capernaum, do also here in thy country.

Physician: 6:42, Romans 2:21,22
whatsoever: Matthew 4:13,23, 11:23,24, John 4:48
do: John 2:3,4, 4:28, 7:3,4, Romans 11:34,35, 2 Corinthians 5:16
thy country: Matthew 13:54, Mark 6:1

Verse 24

And he said, Verily I say unto you, No prophet is accepted in his own country.

No: Matthew 13:57, Mark 6:4,5, John 4:41,44, Acts 22:3,18-22

Verse 25

But I tell you of a truth, many widows were in Israel in the days of Elias, when the heaven was shut up three years and six months, when great famine was throughout all the land;

many: 10:21, Isaiah 55:8, Matthew 20:15, Mark 7:26-29, Romans 9:15,20, Ephesians 1:9,11
when the: 1 Kings 17:1, 18:1,2
Elijah: James 5:17

Verse 26

But unto none of them was Elias sent, save unto Sarepta, a city of Sidon, unto a woman that was a widow.

save: 1 Kings 17:9-24
Zarephath: Obadiah 1:20
Sarepta: Sarepta, a city of Phoenicia, on the coast of the Mediterranean, is called Zarphand by the Arabian geographer Sherif Ibn Idris, who places it twenty miles N. of Tyre, and ten S. of Sidon; but its real distance from Tyre is about fifteen miles, the whole distance from that city to Sidon being only twenty-five miles. Maundrell states that the place shown him for this city, called Sarphan, consisted of only a few houses, on the tops of the mountains, within about half a mile of the sea; between which there were ruins of considerable extent.

Verse 27

And many lepers were in Israel in the time of Eliseus the prophet; and none of them was cleansed, saving Naaman the Syrian.

Eliseus: 1 Kings 19:19-21
Elisha
saving: Matthew 12:4, John 17:12
Naaman: 2 Kings 5:1-27, Job 21:22, 33:13, 36:23, Daniel 4:35

Verse 28

And all they in the synagogue, when they heard these things, were filled with wrath,

were: 6:11, 11:53,54, 2 Chronicles 16:10, 24:20,21, Jeremiah 37:15,16, 38:6, Acts 5:33, Acts 7:54, 22:21-23, 1 Thessalonians 2:15,16

Verse 29

And rose up, and thrust him out of the city, and led him unto the brow of the hill whereon their city was built, that they might cast him down headlong.

and thrust: John 8:37,40,59, 15:24,25, Acts 7:57,58, 16:23,24, 21:28-32
brow: or, edge. that.; 2 Chronicles 25:12, Psalms 37:14,32,33

Verse 30

But he passing through the midst of them went his way,

John 8:59, 10:39, 18:6,7, Acts 12:18

Verse 31

And came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and taught them on the sabbath days.

came: Matthew 4:13, Mark 1:21
taught: Matthew 10:23, Acts 13:50-52, 14:1,2,6,7,19-21, 17:1-3,10,11,16,17, 18:4, Acts 20:1,2,23,24

Verses 31-37

And came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and taught them on the sabbath days.

came: Matthew 4:13, Mark 1:21
taught: Matthew 10:23, Acts 13:50-52, 14:1,2,6,7,19-21, 17:1-3,10,11,16,17, 18:4, Acts 20:1,2,23,24

Verse 32

And they were astonished at his doctrine: for his word was with power.

36, Jeremiah 23:28,29, Matthew 7:28,29, Mark 1:22, John 6:63, 1 Corinthians 2:4,5, 14:24,25, 2 Corinthians 4:2, 10:4,5, 1 Thessalonians 1:5, Titus 2:15, Hebrews 4:12,13

Verse 33

And in the synagogue there was a man, which had a spirit of an unclean devil, and cried out with a loud voice,

Mark 1:23

Verse 34

Saying, Let us alone; what have we to do with thee, thou Jesus of Nazareth? art thou come to destroy us? I know thee who thou art; the Holy One of God.

Let us alone: or, Away.; 8:37, Acts 16:39
what: 41, 8:28, Matthew 8:29, Mark 1:24,34, 5:7, James 2:19
art: Genesis 3:15, Hebrews 2:14, 1 John 3:8, Revelation 20:2
the Holy One: 1:35, Psalms 16:10, Daniel 9:24, Acts 2:27, 3:14, 4:27, Revelation 3:7

Verse 35

And Jesus rebuked him, saying, Hold thy peace, and come out of him. And when the devil had thrown him in the midst, he came out of him, and hurt him not.

Jesus: 39,41, Psalms 50:16, Zechariah 3:2, Matthew 8:26, 17:18, Mark 3:11,12, Acts 16:17,18
thrown: 9:39,42, 11:22, Mark 1:26, 9:26, Revelation 12:12

Verse 36

And they were all amazed, and spake among themselves, saying, What a word is this! for with authority and power he commandeth the unclean spirits, and they come out.

They were: Matthew 9:33, 12:22,23, Mark 1:27, 7:37
What: 32, 10:17-20, Mark 16:17-20, Acts 19:12-16
they come: 1 Peter 3:22

Verse 37

And the fame of him went out into every place of the country round about.

the fame: [echos] the sound; a very elegant metaphor, says Dr. Adam Clarke. The people are represented as struck with astonishment, and the sound goes out through all the coasts; in allusion to the propagation of sound by a smart stroke upon any substance.; 14, Isaiah 52:13, Matthew 4:23-25, 9:26, Mark 1:28,45, 6:14

Verse 38

And he arose out of the synagogue, and entered into Simon's house. And Simon's wife's mother was taken with a great fever; and they besought him for her.

he: Matthew 8:14,15, Mark 1:29-31, 1 Corinthians 9:5
they: 7:3,4, Matthew 15:23, John 11:3,22, James 5:14,15

Verses 38-41

And he arose out of the synagogue, and entered into Simon's house. And Simon's wife's mother was taken with a great fever; and they besought him for her.

he: Matthew 8:14,15, Mark 1:29-31, 1 Corinthians 9:5
they: 7:3,4, Matthew 15:23, John 11:3,22, James 5:14,15

Verse 39

And he stood over her, and rebuked the fever; and it left her: and immediately she arose and ministered unto them.

and rebuked: 35, 8:24
and ministered: 8:2,3, Psalms 116:12, 2 Corinthians 5:14,15

Verse 40

Now when the sun was setting, all they that had any sick with divers diseases brought them unto him; and he laid his hands on every one of them, and healed them.

when: Matthew 8:16,17, Mark 1:32-34
and he: 7:21-23, Matthew 4:23,24, 11:5, 14:13, Mark 3:10, 6:5,55,56, Acts 5:15, 19:12

Verse 41

And devils also came out of many, crying out, and saying, Thou art Christ the Son of God. And he rebuking them suffered them not to speak: for they knew that he was Christ.

crying: 34,35, Mark 1:25,34, 3:11
Thou: Matthew 8:29, 26:63, John 20:31, Acts 16:17,18, James 2:19
speak, etc: or, say that they knew him to be Christ.

Verse 42

And when it was day, he departed and went into a desert place: and the people sought him, and came unto him, and stayed him, that he should not depart from them.

when: 6:12, Mark 1:35, John 4:34
and the: Matthew 14:13,14, Mark 1:37,45, 6:33,34, John 6:24
and stayed: 8:37,38, 24:29, John 4:40

Verses 42-44

And when it was day, he departed and went into a desert place: and the people sought him, and came unto him, and stayed him, that he should not depart from them.

when: 6:12, Mark 1:35, John 4:34
and the: Matthew 14:13,14, Mark 1:37,45, 6:33,34, John 6:24
and stayed: 8:37,38, 24:29, John 4:40

Verse 43

And he said unto them, I must preach the kingdom of God to other cities also: for therefore am I sent.

I must: Mark 1:14,15,38,39, John 9:4, Acts 10:38, 2 Timothy 4:2
therefore: Isaiah 42:1-4, 48:16, 61:1-3, John 6:38-40, 20:21

Verse 44

And he preached in the synagogues of Galilee.

he: 15, Matthew 4:23, Mark 1:39
Galilee: Many of the Jewish traditions, in accordance with Isa 9:1, 2, assert that Galilee was the place where the Messiah should first appear. Thus also Isa 2:19, "When he shall arise to smite terribly the earth," is expounded in the book Zohar, as referring to the Messiah: "When he shall arise; [Vayitgaleh be-ar'ah de-galil] and shall be revealed in the land of Galilee."

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Luke 4

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