Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Lamentations 2

Clinging to a Counterfeit Cross
Introduction

1  Jeremiah laments the misery of Jerusalem.
20  He complains thereof to God.
Verse 1

How hath the Lord covered the daughter of Zion with a cloud in his anger, and cast down from heaven unto the earth the beauty of Israel, and remembered not his footstool in the day of his anger!
How
1:1, 4:1
covered
3:43,44, Ezekiel 30:18, 32:7,8, Joel 2:2
and cast
Isaiah 14:12-15, Ezekiel 28:14-16, Matthew 11:23, Luke 10:15,18, Revelation 12:7-9
the beauty
1 Samuel 4:21, 2 Samuel 1:19, Isaiah 64:11, Ezekiel 7:20-22, 24:21
his footstool
1 Chronicles 28:2, Psalms 99:5, 132:7
Verse 2

The Lord hath swallowed up all the habitations of Jacob, and hath not pitied: he hath thrown down in his wrath the strong holds of the daughter of Judah; he hath brought them down to the ground: he hath polluted the kingdom and the princes thereof.
swallowed
17,21, 3:43, Job 2:3; *marg:; Psalms 21:9, Isaiah 27:11, Jeremiah 13:14, 21:7, Ezekiel 5:11, 7:4,9, 8:18, 9:10, Zechariah 11:5,6, Matthew 18:33
he hath thrown
5,17, Jeremiah 5:10, Micah 5:11,12, Malachi 1:4, 2 Corinthians 10:4
brought them down to
Heb. made to touch.
Isaiah 25:12, 26:5, Psalms 89:39
polluted
Psalms 89:39,40, Isaiah 23:9; *marg:; Isaiah 43:28, 47:6
Verse 3

He hath cut off in his fierce anger all the horn of Israel: he hath drawn back his right hand from before the enemy, and he burned against Jacob like a flaming fire, which devoureth round about.
the horn
Job 16:15, Psalms 75:5,10, 89:24, 132:17, Jeremiah 48:25, Luke 1:69
he hath
Psalms 74:11
he burned
Deuteronomy 32:22, Psalms 79:5, 89:46, Isaiah 1:31, 42:25, Jeremiah 4:4, 7:20, Malachi 4:1, Luke 3:17
Verse 4

He hath bent his bow like an enemy: he stood with his right hand as an adversary, and slew all that were pleasant to the eye in the tabernacle of the daughter of Zion: he poured out his fury like fire.
bent
5, 3:3,12,13, Job 6:4, 16:12-14, Isaiah 63:10, Jeremiah 21:5, 30:14
that were pleasant to the eye
Heb. the desirable of the eye.
Ezekiel 24:25
he poured
4:1, 2 Chronicles 34:21,25, Isaiah 42:25, 51:17-20, 63:6, Jeremiah 4:4, 7:20, Jeremiah 21:5,12, 36:7, Ezekiel 5:13, 6:12, 22:22, 36:18, Nahum 1:2,6
Verse 5

The Lord was as an enemy: he hath swallowed up Israel, he hath swallowed up all her palaces: he hath destroyed his strong holds, and hath increased in the daughter of Judah mourning and lamentation.
was
4, Jeremiah 15:1, 30:14
he hath swallowed up Israel
2, 2 Kings 25:9, 2 Chronicles 36:16,17, Jeremiah 52:13
mourning
Ezekiel 2:10
Verse 6

And he hath violently taken away his tabernacle, as if it were of a garden: he hath destroyed his places of the assembly: the LORD hath caused the solemn feasts and sabbaths to be forgotten in Zion, and hath despised in the indignation of his anger the king and the priest.
he hath violently
"He hath destroyed the temple, as if it had been no better than a cottage erected in a garden, while the fruit is gathering, and then removed, or suffered to decay."
Psalms 80:12, 89:40, Isaiah 5:5, 63:18, 64:11
tabernacle
or, hedge. as if.
Isaiah 1:8
caused
1:4, Zephaniah 3:18
the king
4:16,20, 5:12, Isaiah 43:28, Jeremiah 52:11-27, Ezekiel 12:12,13, 17:18, Malachi 2:9
Verse 7

The Lord hath cast off his altar, he hath abhorred his sanctuary, he hath given up into the hand of the enemy the walls of her palaces; they have made a noise in the house of the LORD, as in the day of a solemn feast.
cast off
1, Leviticus 26:31,44, Psalms 78:59-61, Isaiah 64:10,11, Jeremiah 7:12-14, 26:6,18, Jeremiah 52:13, Ezekiel 7:20-22, 24:21, Micah 3:12, Matthew 24:2, Acts 6:13,14
given up
Heb. shut up.
5, 2 Chronicles 36:19, Jeremiah 32:29, 33:3,4, 39:8, Ezekiel 7:24, Amos 2:5
they have
Psalms 72:4-20, 74:3-8, Ezekiel 7:21,22
Verse 8

The LORD hath purposed to destroy the wall of the daughter of Zion: he hath stretched out a line, he hath not withdrawn his hand from destroying: therefore he made the rampart and the wall to lament; they languished together.
purposed
17, Isaiah 5:5, Jeremiah 5:10
stretched
2 Samuel 8:2, 2 Kings 21:13, Isaiah 28:17, 34:11, Amos 7:7,8
he hath not
Job 13:21, Ezekiel 20:22
destroying
Heb. swallowing up.
2,5
he made
Isaiah 3:26, Jeremiah 14:2
Verse 9

Her gates are sunk into the ground; he hath destroyed and broken her bars: her king and her princes are among the Gentiles: the law is no more; her prophets also find no vision from the LORD.
gates
Nehemiah 1:3, Jeremiah 39:2,8, 51:30, 52:14
her king
1:3, 4:15,20, Deuteronomy 28:36, 2 Kings 24:12-16, 25:7, Jeremiah 52:8,9, Ezekiel 12:13, Ezekiel 17:20
the law
2 Chronicles 15:3, Ezekiel 7:26, Hosea 3:4
her prophets
Psalms 74:9, Amos 8:11,12, Micah 3:6,7
Verse 10

The elders of the daughter of Zion sit upon the ground, and keep silence: they have cast up dust upon their heads; they have girded themselves with sackcloth: the virgins of Jerusalem hang down their heads to the ground.
elders
4:5,16, 5:12,14, Job 2:13, Isaiah 3:26, 47:1,5
sit
Sitting on the ground was a posture of mourning and deep distress. Hence the coin struck by Vespasian, on the capture of Jerusalem, has on the obverse side a palm tree, the emblem of Judea, and under it a woman, the emblem of Jerusalem, sitting down, with her elbow on her knee, and her head supported by her hand, with the legend Judæa capta.
1:1
and keep
3:28, Jeremiah 8:14, Amos 5:13, 8:3
cast up
Joshua 7:6, 2 Samuel 13:19, Job 2:12, Revelation 18:19
they have girded
Isaiah 15:3, 36:22, Ezekiel 7:18, 27:31, Joel 1:8
the virgins
1:4, Amos 8:13
Verse 11

Mine eyes do fail with tears, my bowels are troubled, my liver is poured upon the earth, for the destruction of the daughter of my people; because the children and the sucklings swoon in the streets of the city.
eyes
1:16, 3:48-51, 1 Samuel 30:4, Psalms 6:7, 31:9, 69:3, Isaiah 38:14
my bowels
1:20, Jeremiah 4:19
my liver
Job 16:13, Psalms 22:14
for
4:10, Isaiah 22:4, Jeremiah 8:19-22, 9:1, 14:17
because
19,20, 4:3,4,9,10, Luke 23:29
swoon
or, faint.
Verse 12

They say to their mothers, Where is corn and wine? when they swooned as the wounded in the streets of the city, when their soul was poured out into their mothers' bosom.
as the
Ezekiel 30:24
soul
Isaiah 53:12
Verse 13

What thing shall I take to witness for thee? what thing shall I liken to thee, O daughter of Jerusalem? what shall I equal to thee, that I may comfort thee, O virgin daughter of Zion? for thy breach is great like the sea: who can heal thee?
shall I take
1:12, Daniel 9:12
for
2 Samuel 5:20, Psalms 60:2, Jeremiah 14:17, Ezekiel 26:3,4
who can
Jeremiah 8:22, 30:12-15, 51:8,9
Verse 14

Thy prophets have seen vain and foolish things for thee: and they have not discovered thine iniquity, to turn away thy captivity; but have seen for thee false burdens and causes of banishment.
prophets
Isaiah 9:15,16, Jeremiah 2:8, 5:31, 6:13,14, 8:10,11, 14:13-15, 23:11-17, Jeremiah 27:14-16, 28:15, 29:8,9, 37:19, Ezekiel 13:2-16, Micah 2:11, 3:5-7, 2 Peter 2:1-3
they have
Isaiah 58:1, Jeremiah 23:22, Ezekiel 13:22
false
Jeremiah 23:14-17,31,32, 27:9,10, Ezekiel 22:25,28, Micah 3:5, Zephaniah 3:4
Verse 15

All that pass by clap their hands at thee; they hiss and wag their head at the daughter of Jerusalem, saying, Is this the city that men call The perfection of beauty, The joy of the whole earth?
that pass
Deuteronomy 29:22-28, 1 Kings 9:7-9, 2 Chronicles 7:21, Jeremiah 18:16
by
Heb. by the way. clap.
1:8, Job 27:22,23, Ezekiel 25:6, Nahum 3:19
they
16, Jeremiah 19:8, 25:9,18, 29:18, 51:37, Micah 6:16, Zephaniah 2:15
wag
2 Kings 19:21, Psalms 22:7, 44:14,15, Isaiah 37:22, Jeremiah 18:16, Matthew 27:39, Mark 15:29
Is this
6, Psalms 48:2, 50:2, Isaiah 64:11
Verse 16

All thine enemies have opened their mouth against thee: they hiss and gnash the teeth: they say, We have swallowed her up: certainly this is the day that we looked for; we have found, we have seen it.
thine
3:46, Job 16:9,10, Psalms 22:13, 35:21, 109:2
gnash
Psalms 35:16, 37:12, 112:10, Acts 7:54
We have swallowed
Psalms 56:2, 57:3, 124:3, Isaiah 49:19, Jeremiah 50:7,17, 51:34, Ezekiel 25:3,6,15, Ezekiel 36:3, Hosea 8:8, Zephaniah 2:8-10
we have seen
Psalms 35:21, 41:8, Obadiah 1:12-16
Verse 17

The LORD hath done that which he had devised; he hath fulfilled his word that he had commanded in the days of old: he hath thrown down, and hath not pitied: and he hath caused thine enemy to rejoice over thee, he hath set up the horn of thine adversaries.
done
8, Leviticus 26:14-46, Deuteronomy 28:15-68, 29:18-23, 31:16,17, 32:15-27, Jeremiah 18:11, Micah 2:3
he hath thrown
1,2, Ezekiel 5:11, 7:8,9, 8:18, 9:10
he hath caused
1:5, Deuteronomy 28:43,44, Psalms 38:16, 89:42
Verse 18

Their heart cried unto the Lord, O wall of the daughter of Zion, let tears run down like a river day and night: give thyself no rest; let not the apple of thine eye cease.
heart
Psalms 119:145, Isaiah 26:16,17, Hosea 7:14
O wall
8, Habakkuk 2:11
let tears
1:2,16, 3:48,49, Psalms 119:136, Jeremiah 4:31, 9:1,17,18, 13:17, 14:17
the apple
Bath ayin, which sometimes means the pupil of the eye, seems here to denote tears, the produce of the eye; and therefore elegantly termed the daughter of the eye.
Verse 19

Arise, cry out in the night: in the beginning of the watches pour out thine heart like water before the face of the Lord: lift up thy hands toward him for the life of thy young children, that faint for hunger in the top of every street.
cry out
Psalms 42:8, 62:8, 119:55,147,148, Isaiah 26:9, Mark 1:35, Luke 6:12
watches
Judges 7:19, Matthew 14:25, Mark 13:35
pour
1 Samuel 1:15, 7:6, Job 3:24, Psalms 62:8, 142:2
lift up
Psalms 28:2, 63:4, 134:2, 141:2, 1 Timothy 2:8
that faint
11,12, 4:1-9, Isaiah 51:20, Ezekiel 5:10,16, Nahum 3:10
Verse 20

Behold, O LORD, and consider to whom thou hast done this. Shall the women eat their fruit, and children of a span long? shall the priest and the prophet be slain in the sanctuary of the Lord?
consider
Exodus 32:11, Deuteronomy 9:26, Isaiah 63:16-19, 64:8-12, Jeremiah 14:20-21
Shall the women
4:10, Leviticus 26:29, Deuteronomy 28:53-57, 2 Kings 6:28,29, Jeremiah 19:9, Ezekiel 5:10
of a span long
or, swaddled with their hands. shall the priest.
1:19, 4:13,16, Psalms 78:64, Isaiah 9:14-17, Jeremiah 5:31, 14:15-18, 23:11-15, Ezekiel 9:5,6
Verse 21

The young and the old lie on the ground in the streets: my virgins and my young men are fallen by the sword; thou hast slain them in the day of thine anger; thou hast killed, and not pitied.
young
Deuteronomy 28:50, Joshua 6:21, 1 Samuel 15:3, 2 Chronicles 36:17, Esther 3:13, Jeremiah 51:22, Ezekiel 9:6
my virgins
1:15,18, Psalms 78:63, Jeremiah 9:21, 11:22, 18:21, Amos 4:10
thou hast killed
2,17, 3:43, Isaiah 27:11, Jeremiah 13:14, 21:7, Ezekiel 5:11, 7:4,9, 8:18, Ezekiel 9:5,10, Zechariah 11:6
Verse 22

Thou hast called as in a solemn day my terrors round about, so that in the day of the LORD'S anger none escaped nor remained: those that I have swaddled and brought up hath mine enemy consumed.
my terrors
Psalms 31:13, Isaiah 24:17,18, Jeremiah 6:25, 20:3, 46:5, Amos 9:1-4
those
Deuteronomy 28:18, Jeremiah 16:2-4, Hosea 9:12-16, Luke 23:29,30

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