Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Lamentations 1

Clinging to a Counterfeit Cross
Introduction

1  The miseries of Jerusalem and of the Jews pathetically lamented, with confessions of their sins.
12  The attention and compassion of beholders demanded to this unprecedented case.
18  The justice of God acknowledged, and his mercy supplicated, with prayers against insulting foes.
Verse 1

How doth the city sit solitary, that was full of people! how is she become as a widow! she that was great among the nations, and princess among the provinces, how is she become tributary!
How doth
The LXX. have the following words as an introduction: "And it came to pass after Israel had been carried captive, and Jerusalem was become desolate, that Jeremiah sat weeping, and lamented with this lamentation over Jerusalem, and said."
2:1, 4:1, Isaiah 14:12, Jeremiah 50:23, Zephaniah 2:15, Revelation 18:16,17
sit
2:10, Isaiah 3:26, 47:1-15, 50:5, 52:2,7, Jeremiah 9:11, Ezekiel 26:16
full
Psalms 122:4, Isaiah 22:2, Zechariah 8:4,5
as a
Isaiah 47:8,9, 54:4, Revelation 18:7
great
1 Kings 4:21, 2 Chronicles 9:26, Ezra 4:20
how is
5:16, 2 Kings 23:33,35, Nehemiah 5:4, 9:37
Verse 2

She weepeth sore in the night, and her tears are on her cheeks: among all her lovers she hath none to comfort her: all her friends have dealt treacherously with her, they are become her enemies.
weepeth
16, 2:11,18,19, Job 7:3, Psalms 6:6, 77:2-6, Jeremiah 9:1,17-19, 13:17
among
19, Jeremiah 4:30, 22:20-22, 30:14, Ezekiel 16:37, 23:22-25, Hosea 2:7, Revelation 17:13,16
none
9,16,17,21, Isaiah 51:18,19
all her friends
Job 6:15, 19:13,14, Psalms 31:11, Proverbs 19:7, Micah 7:5
Verse 3

Judah is gone into captivity because of affliction, and because of great servitude: she dwelleth among the heathen, she findeth no rest: all her persecutors overtook her between the straits.
gone
2 Kings 24:14,15, 25:11,21, 2 Chronicles 36:20,21, Jeremiah 39:9, 52:15,27-30
because of great servitude
Heb. for the greatness of servitude. she.
2:9, Leviticus 26:36-39, Deuteronomy 28:64-67, Jeremiah 24:9, Ezekiel 5:12
all
4:18,19, Jeremiah 16:16, 52:8, Amos 9:1-4
Verse 4

The ways of Zion do mourn, because none come to the solemn feasts: all her gates are desolate: her priests sigh, her virgins are afflicted, and she is in bitterness.
ways
2:6,7, 5:13, Isaiah 24:4-6, Jeremiah 14:2, Micah 3:12
all her gates
2:9, Jeremiah 9:11, 10:22, 33:10-12
her priests
11,12,18-20, 2:10,11,19-21, Isaiah 32:9-14, Joel 1:8-13
Verse 5

Her adversaries are the chief, her enemies prosper; for the LORD hath afflicted her for the multitude of her transgressions: her children are gone into captivity before the enemy.
adversaries
2:17, 3:46, Leviticus 26:17, Deuteronomy 28:43,44, Psalms 80:6, 89:42, Isaiah 63:18, Jeremiah 12:7, Micah 7:8-10
for
18, 3:39-43, Leviticus 26:15-46, Deuteronomy 4:25-27, 28:15-68, 29:18-28, Deuteronomy 31:16-18,29, 32:15-27, 2 Chronicles 36:14-16, Nehemiah 9:33,34, Psalms 90:7,8, Jeremiah 5:3-9,29, 23:14, 30:14,15, 44:21,22, Ezekiel 8:17,18, 9:9, 22:24-31, Daniel 9:7-16, Micah 3:9-12, Zephaniah 3:1-8
her children
Jeremiah 39:9, 52:27-30
Verse 6

And from the daughter of Zion all her beauty is departed: her princes are become like harts that find no pasture, and they are gone without strength before the pursuer.
from
2 Kings 19:21, Psalms 48:2,3, Isaiah 1:21, 4:5, 12:6, Zephaniah 3:14-17
all
2:1-7, 2 Samuel 4:11,12, Psalms 50:2, 96:9, 132:12,13, Jeremiah 52:8,11,13, Ezekiel 7:20-22, 11:22,23, 24:21,25
her princes
Leviticus 26:36,37, Deuteronomy 28:25, 32:30, Joshua 7:12,13, Psalms 44:9-11, Jeremiah 29:4, Jeremiah 48:41, 51:30-32, 52:7
harts
Jeremiah 14:5,6, 47:3
Verse 7

Jerusalem remembered in the days of her affliction and of her miseries all her pleasant things that she had in the days of old, when her people fell into the hand of the enemy, and none did help her: the adversaries saw her, and did mock at her sabbaths.
remembered
Job 29:2-25, 30:1, Psalms 42:4, 77:3,5-9, Hosea 2:7, Luke 15:17, 16:25
all her
Deuteronomy 4:7,8,34-37, 8:7-9, Psalms 147:19,20, Isaiah 5:1-4
pleasant
or, desirable.
the adversaries
2:15,16, Psalms 79:4, 137:3,4, Micah 4:11
Verse 8

Jerusalem hath grievously sinned; therefore she is removed: all that honoured her despise her, because they have seen her nakedness: yea, she sigheth, and turneth backward.
hath
5,20, 1 Kings 8:46,47, 9:7,9, Isaiah 59:2-13, Jeremiah 6:28, Ezekiel 14:13-21, Ezekiel 22:2-15
removed
Heb. become a removing, or wandering.
Jeremiah 15:4, 24:9, 34:17, Ezekiel 23:46; *marg:
all
4:15,16, 5:12-16, 1 Samuel 2:30
they
4:21, Isaiah 47:3, Jeremiah 13:22,26, Ezekiel 16:37-39, 23:29, Hosea 2:3,10, Revelation 3:18
she sigheth
4,11,21,22, 2:10, Jeremiah 4:31
Verse 9

Her filthiness is in her skirts; she remembereth not her last end; therefore she came down wonderfully: she had no comforter. O LORD, behold my affliction: for the enemy hath magnified himself.
filthiness
17, Jeremiah 2:34, 13:27, Ezekiel 24:12,13
she remembereth
Deuteronomy 32:29, Isaiah 47:7, Jeremiah 5:31, 1 Peter 4:17
came
1, 4:1, Isaiah 3:8, Jeremiah 13:17,18
she had
2,17,21, 2:13, Ecclesiastes 4:1, Isaiah 40:2, 54:11, Hosea 2:14, John 11:19
behold
Exodus 3:7,17, 4:31, Deuteronomy 26:7, 1 Samuel 1:11, 2 Samuel 16:12, 2 Kings 14:26, Nehemiah 9:32, Psalms 25:18, 119:153, Daniel 9:17-19
for
Deuteronomy 32:27, Psalms 74:8,9,22,23, 140:8, Isaiah 37:4,17,23,29, Jeremiah 48:26, Jeremiah 50:29, Zephaniah 2:10, 2 Thessalonians 2:4-8
Verse 10

The adversary hath spread out his hand upon all her pleasant things: for she hath seen that the heathen entered into her sanctuary, whom thou didst command that they should not enter into thy congregation.
spread
7, Isaiah 5:13,14, Jeremiah 15:13, 20:5, 52:17-20
pleasant
or, desirable.
seen
Psalms 74:4-8, 79:1-7, Isaiah 63:18, 64:10,11, Jeremiah 51:51, 52:13, Ezekiel 7:22, Ezekiel 9:7
whom
Deuteronomy 23:3, Nehemiah 13:1, Ezekiel 44:7, Mark 13:14
Verse 11

All her people sigh, they seek bread; they have given their pleasant things for meat to relieve the soul: see, O LORD, and consider; for I am become vile.
seek
19, 2:12, 4:4-10, Deuteronomy 28:52-57, 2 Kings 6:25, Jeremiah 19:9, 38:9, 52:6, Ezekiel 4:15-17, 5:16,17
relieve the soul
Heb. make the soul to come again.
1 Samuel 30:11,12
see
9,20, 2:20, Job 40:4, Psalms 25:15-19
Verse 12

Is it nothing to you, all ye that pass by? behold, and see if there be any sorrow like unto my sorrow, which is done unto me, wherewith the LORD hath afflicted me in the day of his fierce anger.
Is it nothing
or, It is nothing. pass by. Heb. pass by the way. if. The church in distress here magnifies her affliction; and yet no more than there was cause for her groaning was not heavier than her strokes. She appeals to all spectators--see if there be any sorrow like unto my sorrow. This might truly be said of the griefs which were suffered in Jerusalem of old; but Christians are apt to apply these words too sensibly and sensitively to themselves, when they are in trouble, and sometimes more than there is reasonable cause to warrant. All men feel most from their own burden, and cannot be persuaded to reconcile themselves to it; how often do thy cry out in the words we are illustrating! whereas, if their troubles were to be thrown into a common stock with those of others, and then an equal dividend made, share and share alike, rather than approve such an arrangement, each would be ready to say, "Pray give me my own again."--Henry.
2:13, 4:6-11, Daniel 9:12, Matthew 24:21, Luke 21:22,23, 23:28-31
Verse 13

From above hath he sent fire into my bones, and it prevaileth against them: he hath spread a net for my feet, he hath turned me back: he hath made me desolate and faint all the day.
above
2:3,4, Deuteronomy 32:21-25, Job 30:30, Psalms 22:14, 31:10, 102:3-5, Nahum 1:6, Habakkuk 3:16, 2 Thessalonians 1:8, Hebrews 12:29
he hath spread
4:17-20, Job 18:8, 19:6, Psalms 66:11, Ezekiel 12:13, 17:20, 32:3, Hosea 7:12
he hath turned
Psalms 35:4, 70:2,3, 129:5, Isaiah 42:17
desolate
22, 5:17, Deuteronomy 28:65, Jeremiah 4:19-29
Verse 14

The yoke of my transgressions is bound by his hand: they are wreathed, and come up upon my neck: he hath made my strength to fall, the Lord hath delivered me into their hands, from whom I am not able to rise up.
yoke
Deuteronomy 28:48, Proverbs 5:22, Isaiah 14:25, 47:6, Jeremiah 27:8,12, 28:14
delivered
Jeremiah 25:9, 34:20,21, 37:17, 39:1-9, Ezekiel 11:9, 21:31, 23:28, 25:4,7, Hosea 5:14
Verse 15

The Lord hath trodden under foot all my mighty men in the midst of me: he hath called an assembly against me to crush my young men: the Lord hath trodden the virgin, the daughter of Judah, as in a winepress.
trodden
2 Kings 9:33, 24:14-16, 25:4-7, Psalms 119:118, Isaiah 5:5, 28:18, Jeremiah 50:26; *marg:; Daniel 3:13, Micah 7:10, Malachi 4:3, Luke 21:24, Hebrews 10:29
crush
3:34, Deuteronomy 28:33, Judges 10:8; *marg:; Jeremiah 51:34
the virgin, etc
or, the winepress of the virgin, etc.
Jeremiah 14:17
as in
Isaiah 63:3, Revelation 14:19,20, 19:15
Verse 16

For these things I weep; mine eye, mine eye runneth down with water, because the comforter that should relieve my soul is far from me: my children are desolate, because the enemy prevailed.
I weep
2,9, 2:11,18, 3:48,49, Psalms 119:136, Jeremiah 9:1,10, 13:17, 14:17, Luke 19:41-44, Romans 9:1-3
relieve
Heb. bring back.
Hosea 9:12
my children
5,6, 2:20-22, 4:2-10, Jeremiah 9:21
Verse 17

Zion spreadeth forth her hands, and there is none to comfort her: the LORD hath commanded concerning Jacob, that his adversaries should be round about him: Jerusalem is as a menstruous woman among them.
spreadeth
1 Kings 8:22,38, Isaiah 1:15, Jeremiah 4:31
none
2,9,16,19,21
commanded
2:1-8,17-22, 2 Kings 24:2-4, 25:1, Jeremiah 6:3, 16:6, 21:4,5, 34:22, Ezekiel 7:23,24, Hosea 8:8, Luke 19:43,44
Jerusalem
9, 4:15, Leviticus 15:19-27, Ezekiel 36:17
Verse 18

The LORD is righteous; for I have rebelled against his commandment: hear, I pray you, all people, and behold my sorrow: my virgins and my young men are gone into captivity.
Lord
Exodus 9:27, Deuteronomy 32:4, Judges 1:7, Ezra 9:13, Nehemiah 9:33, Psalms 119:75, 145:17, Jeremiah 12:1, Daniel 9:7,14, Zephaniah 3:5, Romans 2:5, 3:19, Revelation 15:3,4, 16:5-7
for I
3:42, 1 Samuel 12:14,15, 15:23, Nehemiah 1:6-8, 9:26, Psalms 107:11, Daniel 9:9-16
commandment
Heb. mouth.
1 Kings 13:21
hear
12, Deuteronomy 29:22-28, 1 Kings 9:8,9, Jeremiah 22:8,9, 25:28,29, 49:12, Ezekiel 14:22,23
my virgins
5,6, Deuteronomy 28:32-41
Verse 19

I called for my lovers, but they deceived me: my priests and mine elders gave up the ghost in the city, while they sought their meat to relieve their souls.
for
2, 4:17, Job 19:13-19, Jeremiah 2:28, 30:14, 37:7-9
my priests
11, 2:20, 4:7-9, 5:12, Jeremiah 14:15-18, 23:11-15, 27:13-15
Verse 20

Behold, O LORD; for I am in distress: my bowels are troubled; mine heart is turned within me; for I have grievously rebelled: abroad the sword bereaveth, at home there is as death.
Behold
9,11, Isaiah 38:14
my bowels
2:11, Job 30:27, Psalms 22:14, Isaiah 16:11, Jeremiah 4:19, 31:20, 48:36, Hosea 11:8, Habakkuk 3:16
for
18, Leviticus 26:40-42, 1 Kings 8:47-50, Job 33:27, Psalms 51:3,4, Proverbs 28:13, Jeremiah 2:35, 3:13, Luke 15:18,19, 18:13,14
abroad
4:9,10, Deuteronomy 32:25, Jeremiah 9:21,22, 14:18, Ezekiel 7:15
Verse 21

They have heard that I sigh: there is none to comfort me: all mine enemies have heard of my trouble; they are glad that thou hast done it: thou wilt bring the day that thou hast called, and they shall be like unto me.
have heard that
2,8,11,12,16,22
they are
2:15, 4:21,22, Psalms 35:15, 38:16, 137:7, Jeremiah 48:27, 50:11, Ezekiel 25:3,6,8,15, 26:2, Obadiah 1:12,13
thou wilt
Isaiah 13:1-14, 47:1-15, Jeremiah 25:17-29, 46:1-51, Ezekiel 25:1-32, Amos 1:1-15
the day
Psalms 37:13, Joel 3:14
called
or, proclaimed. they shall.
4:22, Deuteronomy 32:41-43, Psalms 137:8,9, Isaiah 51:22,23, Jeremiah 50:15,29,31, Jeremiah 51:24,49, Micah 7:9,10, Habakkuk 2:15-17, Revelation 18:6
Verse 22

Let all their wickedness come before thee; and do unto them, as thou hast done unto me for all my transgressions: for my sighs are many, and my heart is faint.
all their
Nehemiah 4:4,5, Psalms 109:14,15, 137:7-9, Jeremiah 10:25, 18:23, 51:35, Luke 23:31, Revelation 6:10
my heart
13, 5:17, Isaiah 13:7, Jeremiah 8:18, Ephesians 3:13

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