Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Genesis 36

75 Free Online Commentaries

Introduction

1  Esau's three wives.
6  His removal to mount Seir.
9  His sons.
15  The dukes which descended of his sons.
20  The sons and dukes of Seir the Horite.
24  Anah finds mules.
31  The kings of Edom.
40  The dukes that descended of Esau.
Verse 1

Now these are the generations of Esau, who is Edom.
A. M. 2208. B.C. 1796
22:17, 25:24-34, 27:35-41, 32:3-7, Numbers 20:14-21, Deuteronomy 23:7, 1 Chronicles 1:35, Isaiah 63:1, Ezekiel 25:12
Verse 2

Esau took his wives of the daughters of Canaan; Adah the daughter of Elon the Hittite, and Aholibamah the daughter of Anah the daughter of Zibeon the Hivite;
Esau
9:25, 26:34,35, 27:46
Adah
or, Bashemath.
26:34
Aholibamah
26:34
Judith
the daughter. We ought, most probably, to read here and in ver. 14, as in ver. 20, "the son of Zibeon;" which is the reading of the Samaritan, Septuagint, (and Syriac, in ver. 2,) and which Houbigant and Kennicott contend to be genuine.
Verse 3

And Bashemath Ishmael's daughter, sister of Nebajoth.
25:13, 28:9
Mahalath
Verse 4

And Adah bare to Esau Eliphaz; and Bashemath bare Reuel;
Adah
1 Chronicles 1:35
Eliphaz
Job 2:11
Reuel
not.
Exodus 2:18, Numbers 10:29
Verse 5

And Aholibamah bare Jeush, and Jaalam, and Korah: these are the sons of Esau, which were born unto him in the land of Canaan.
in the land
35:29
Verse 6

And Esau took his wives, and his sons, and his daughters, and all the persons of his house, and his cattle, and all his beasts, and all his substance, which he had got in the land of Canaan; and went into the country from the face of his brother Jacob.
A. M. cir. 2264. B.C. cir. 1740. persons. Heb. souls
Ezekiel 27:13, Revelation 18:13
went
13:6,11, 17:8, 25:23, 28:4, 32:3
Verse 7

For their riches were more than that they might dwell together; and the land wherein they were strangers could not bear them because of their cattle.
their riches
13:6,11
the land
17:8, 28:4
Verse 8

Thus dwelt Esau in mount Seir: Esau is Edom.
mount Seir
20, 14:6, 32:3, Deuteronomy 2:5, Joshua 24:4, 1 Chronicles 4:42, 2 Chronicles 20:10,23, Ezekiel 35:2-7, Malachi 1:3
Esau
Verse 9

And these are the generations of Esau the father of the Edomites in mount Seir:
the Edomites
Heb. Edom.
19:37
Verse 10

These are the names of Esau's sons; Eliphaz the son of Adah the wife of Esau, Reuel the son of Bashemath the wife of Esau.
A. M. cir. 2230. B.C. cir. 1774
3,4, 1 Chronicles 1:35-54
Verse 11

And the sons of Eliphaz were Teman, Omar, Zepho, and Gatam, and Kenaz.
A. M. cir. 2270. B.C. cir. 1734. Zepho
15,16, 1 Chronicles 1:35,36
Zephi
Verse 12

And Timna was concubine to Eliphaz Esau's son; and she bare to Eliphaz Amalek: these were the sons of Adah Esau's wife.
Timna
22, 1 Chronicles 1:36
Amalek
14:7, Exodus 17:8-16, Numbers 24:18-20, Deuteronomy 23:7, 25:17-19, 1 Samuel 15:2,3-9
Verse 13

And these are the sons of Reuel; Nahath, and Zerah, Shammah, and Mizzah: these were the sons of Bashemath Esau's wife.
17, 1 Chronicles 1:37
Verse 14

And these were the sons of Aholibamah, the daughter of Anah the daughter of Zibeon, Esau's wife: and she bare to Esau Jeush, and Jaalam, and Korah.
A. M. cir. 2292. B.C. cir. 1712
2,5,18, 1 Chronicles 1:35
Verse 15

These were dukes of the sons of Esau: the sons of Eliphaz the firstborn son of Esau; duke Teman, duke Omar, duke Zepho, duke Kenaz,
First aristocracy of dukes, from A
&M. cir. 2429, to A.M. cir. 2471; from B.C. cir. 1575, to B.C. cir. 1533.
dukes
The word duke is from the Latin dux, a captain or leader, from duco, to lead, guide; which is the exact import of the Hebrew alluph, from [aleph, lamed, pheh] to lead, guide; and is here applied to heads of families, chieftains, or princes, who were military leaders.
18, 1 Chronicles 1:35
Eliphaz
Job 21:8, Psalms 37:35
duke Teman
4,11,12, 1 Chronicles 1:36,45,51-54, Job 2:11, 4:1, Jeremiah 49:7,20, Ezekiel 25:13, Amos 1:12, Obadiah 1:9, Habakkuk 3:3
Verse 16

Duke Korah, duke Gatam, and duke Amalek: these are the dukes that came of Eliphaz in the land of Edom; these were the sons of Adah.
Duke Korah
As it is certain from ver. 4, that Eliphaz was Esau's son by Adah, and from ver. 11, 12, that Eliphaz had but six sons, "Teman, Omar, Zepho, Gatam, Kenaz, and Amalek;" as is is also certain, from ver. 5, 14, that Korah was the son of Esau (not Eliphaz) by Aholibamah; and as the words duke Korah are omitted by both the Samaritan Text and Version, Dr. Kennicott pronounces them to be an interpolation.
dukes
Exodus 15:15
Verse 17

And these are the sons of Reuel Esau's son; duke Nahath, duke Zerah, duke Shammah, duke Mizzah: these are the dukes that came of Reuel in the land of Edom; these are the sons of Bashemath Esau's wife.
Reuel
4,13, 1 Chronicles 1:37
Verse 18

And these are the sons of Aholibamah Esau's wife; duke Jeush, duke Jaalam, duke Korah: these were the dukes that came of Aholibamah the daughter of Anah, Esau's wife.
5,14, 1 Chronicles 1:35
Verse 19

These are the sons of Esau, who is Edom, and these are their dukes.
who is Edom
Verse 20

These are the sons of Seir the Horite, who inhabited the land; Lotan, and Shobal, and Zibeon, and Anah,
A. M. cir. 2198. B.C. cir. 1806
2,22-30, 14:6, Deuteronomy 2:12,22, 1 Chronicles 1:38-42
Verse 21

And Dishon, and Ezer, and Dishan: these are the dukes of the Horites, the children of Seir in the land of Edom.
A. M. cir. 2204. B.C. cir. 1800
Verse 22

And the children of Lotan were Hori and Hemam; and Lotan's sister was Timna.
A. M. cir. 2248. B.C. 1756. Hemam
1 Chronicles 1:39
Homan
Timna
Verse 23

And the children of Shobal were these; Alvan, and Manahath, and Ebal, Shepho, and Onam.
Alvan
1 Chronicles 1:40
Alian
Shepho
or, Shephi.
1 Chronicles 1:40
Verse 24

And these are the children of Zibeon; both Ajah, and Anah: this was that Anah that found the mules in the wilderness, as he fed the asses of Zibeon his father.
found
Leviticus 19:19, Deuteronomy 2:10, 2 Samuel 13:29, 18:9, 1 Kings 1:38,44, 4:28, Zechariah 14:15
Verse 25

And the children of Anah were these; Dishon, and Aholibamah the daughter of Anah.
Dishon
Anah
2,5,14,18, 1 Chronicles 1:41
Verse 26

And these are the children of Dishon; Hemdan, and Eshban, and Ithran, and Cheran.
Hemdan
1 Chronicles 1:41
Amram
Verse 27

The children of Ezer are these; Bilhan, and Zaavan, and Akan.
Ezer
21, 1 Chronicles 1:38
Akan
1 Chronicles 1:42
Jakan
Verse 28

The children of Dishan are these; Uz, and Aran.
Uz
Job 1:1, Jeremiah 25:20, Lamentations 4:21
Verse 29

These are the dukes that came of the Horites; duke Lotan, duke Shobal, duke Zibeon, duke Anah,
Horites
20,28, 1 Chronicles 1:41,42
duke Lotan
20, 1 Chronicles 1:38
Verse 30

Duke Dishon, duke Ezer, duke Dishan: these are the dukes that came of Hori, among their dukes in the land of Seir.
From A
&M. cir. 2093, to A.M. cir. 2429; from B.C. cir. 1911, to B.C. cir. 1575. dukes in the.
2 Kings 11:19, Isaiah 23:15, Daniel 7:17,23
Verse 31

And these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom, before there reigned any king over the children of Israel.
the kings
17:6,16, 25:23, Numbers 20:14, 24:17,18, Deuteronomy 17:14-20, 33:5,29, 1 Chronicles 1:43-50
before there
Moses may here allude to the promise which God made to Jacob (ch. 35:11,) that kings should proceed from him; and here states that these kings reigned before that prophecy began to be fulfilled.
Verse 33

And Bela died, and Jobab the son of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his stead.
A. M. cir. 2135. B.C. cir. 1869. Bozrah. Bozrah, Bezer, or Bostra, was situated in Arabia Deserta, and the eastern part of Edom; and, according to Eusebius, was 24 miles from Edrei. It afterwards belonged to Moab, and was given by Moses to Reuben, but again reverted to Edom. It is now called Boszra; and is described by Burckhardt as the largest town in the Haouran, including its ruins, though only inhabited by about twelve or fifteen families. It is situated in the open plain, two hours distant from Aare, and is at present the last inhabited place in the south-east extremity of the Haouran. It is of an oval shape, it greatest length being from east to west; and its circumference three quarters of an hour
Isaiah 34:6, 63:1, Jeremiah 49:13,22, Amos 1:12, Micah 2:12
Verse 34

And Jobab died, and Husham of the land of Temani reigned in his stead.
A. M. cir. 2177. B.C. cir. 1827. Temani. Eusebius places Teman, or Thæman, which probably gave name to "the land of Temani," in Arabia Petræa, five miles from Petra, and says there was a Roman garrison there
11,15, Job 2:11, Jeremiah 49:7
Verse 35

And Husham died, and Hadad the son of Bedad, who smote Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Avith.
A. M. cir. 2219. B.C. cir. 1785
Verse 36

And Hadad died, and Samlah of Masrekah reigned in his stead.
A. M. cir. 2261. B.C. cir. 1743
Verse 37

And Samlah died, and Saul of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his stead.
A. M. cir. 2303. B.C. cir. 1701. Rehoboth
10:11, 1 Chronicles 1:48
Verse 38

And Saul died, and Baalhanan the son of Achbor reigned in his stead.
A. M. cir. 2315. B.C. cir. 1659
Verse 39

And Baalhanan the son of Achbor died, and Hadar reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pau; and his wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab.
A. M. cir. 2387. B.C. cir. 1617. Hadar
1 Chronicles 1:50
Hadad Pai
After his death was an aristocracy.
Exodus 15:15
Verse 40

And these are the names of the dukes that came of Esau, according to their families, after their places, by their names; duke Timnah, duke Alvah, duke Jetheth,
Second aristocracy of dukes, from A
&M. cir. 2471, B.C. cir. 1533; to A.M. cir. 2513, B.C. cir. 1491. And these.
31, 1 Chronicles 1:51-54
dukes
15,16, Exodus 15:15, 1 Chronicles 1:51-54
Alvah
or, Aliah.
1 Chronicles 1:51
Verse 43

Duke Magdiel, duke Iram: these be the dukes of Edom, according to their habitations in the land of their possession: he is Esau the father of the Edomites.
the dukes
15,18,19,30,31, Exodus 15:15, Numbers 20:14
their
7,8, 25:12, Deuteronomy 2:5
father
25:30, 36:43, 45:8, 1 Chronicles 4:14
the Edomites
Heb. Edom.

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