Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Galatians 4

Clinging to a Counterfeit Cross
Introduction

1  We were under the law till Christ came, as the heir is under the guardian till he be of age.
5  But Christ freed us from the law;
7  therefore we are servants no longer to it.
14  He remembers their good will to him, and his to them;
22  and shows that we are the sons of Abraham by the freewoman.
Verse 1

Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all;
That
23,29, Genesis 24:2,3, 2 Kings 10:1,2, 11:12, 12:2
Verse 3

Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world:
when
3:19,24,25
in
9,25,31, 2:4, 3:23, 5:1, Matthew 11:28, John 8:31, Acts 15:10, Romans 8:15
elements
or, rudiments.
9, Colossians 2:8,20, Hebrews 7:16
Verse 4

But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law,
the fulness
Genesis 49:10, Daniel 9:24-26, Malachi 3:1, Mark 1:15, Acts 1:7, Ephesians 1:10, Hebrews 9:10
God
Isaiah 48:16, Zechariah 2:8-11, John 3:16, 6:38, 8:42, 10:36, 1 John 4:9,10,14
made
Isaiah 9:6,7, Micah 5:2, Zechariah 6:12, Luke 2:10,11, John 1:14, Romans 1:3, 9:5, Philippians 2:6-8, 1 Timothy 3:16, Hebrews 2:14, 10:5-7, 1 John 4:2
of a
Genesis 3:15, Isaiah 7:14, Jeremiah 31:22, Micah 5:3, Matthew 1:23, Luke 1:31,35, 2:7
made under
Matthew 3:15, 5:17, Luke 2:21-27, Romans 15:8, Colossians 2:14
Verse 5

To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.
redeem
21, 3:13, Matthew 20:28, Luke 1:68, Acts 20:28, Ephesians 1:7, 5:2, Colossians 1:13-20, Titus 2:14, Hebrews 1:3, 9:12,15, 1 Peter 1:18-20, 3:18, Revelation 5:9, 14:3
that we
7, 3:26, John 1:12, Romans 8:19,23, 9:4, Ephesians 1:5
Verse 6

And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.
God
Luke 11:13, John 7:39, 14:16, Romans 5:5, 8:15-17, 2 Corinthians 1:22, Ephesians 1:13, 4:30
the Spirit
John 3:34, 15:26, 16:7, Romans 5:5, 8:9,15, 1 Corinthians 15:45, Philippians 1:19, 1 Peter 1:11, Revelation 19:10
crying
Isaiah 44:3-5, Jeremiah 3:4,19, Matthew 6:6-9, Luke 11:2, Romans 8:26,27, Ephesians 2:18, Ephesians 6:18, Hebrews 4:14-16, Jude 1:20
Verse 7

Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.
thou
1,2,5,6,31, 5:1
but
3:26
if
3:29, Romans 8:16,17
heir
Genesis 15:1, 17:7,8, Psalms 16:5, 73:26, Jeremiah 10:16, 31:33, 32:38-41, Lamentations 3:24, 1 Corinthians 3:21-23, 2 Corinthians 6:16-18, Revelation 21:7
Verse 8

Howbeit then, when ye knew not God, ye did service unto them which by nature are no gods.
when
Exodus 5:2, Jeremiah 10:25, John 1:10, Acts 17:23,30, Romans 1:28, 1 Corinthians 1:21, Ephesians 2:11,12, 4:18, 1 Thessalonians 4:5, 2 Thessalonians 1:8, 1 John 3:1
ye did
Joshua 24:2,15, Psalms 115:4-8, 135:15-18, Isaiah 44:9-20, Jeremiah 10:3-16, Acts 14:12, 17:29, Romans 1:23, 1 Corinthians 8:4, 10:19,20, 12:2, 1 Thessalonians 1:9, 1 Peter 4:3
Verse 9

But now, after that ye have known God, or rather are known of God, how turn ye again to the weak and beggarly elements, whereunto ye desire again to be in bondage?
ye have
1 Kings 8:43, 1 Chronicles 28:9, Psalms 9:10, Proverbs 2:5, Jeremiah 31:34, Habakkuk 2:14, Matthew 11:27, John 17:3, 1 Corinthians 15:34, 2 Corinthians 4:6, Ephesians 1:17, 2 Peter 2:20, 1 John 2:3,4, 5:20
are known
Exodus 33:17, Psalms 1:6, John 10:14,27, Romans 8:29, 1 Corinthians 8:3, 13:12, 2 Timothy 2:19
how
3:3, Romans 8:3, Colossians 2:20-23, Hebrews 7:18
again
or, back.
Hebrews 10:38,39
elements
or, rudiments.
Verse 10

Ye observe days, and months, and times, and years.
Leviticus 23:1-44, 25:1,13, Numbers 28:1-29, Romans 14:5, Colossians 2:16,17
Verse 11

I am afraid of you, lest I have bestowed upon you labour in vain.
am
20, 2 Corinthians 11:2,3, 12:20,21
lest
2:2, 5:2-4, Isaiah 49:4, Acts 16:6, 1 Corinthians 15:58, Philippians 2:16, 1 Thessalonians 3:5, 2 John 1:8
Verse 12

Brethren, I beseech you, be as I am; for I am as ye are: ye have not injured me at all.
be
2:14, 6:14, Genesis 34:15, 1 Kings 22:4, Acts 21:21, 1 Corinthians 9:20-23, Philippians 3:7,8
ye
2 Corinthians 2:5
Verse 13

Ye know how through infirmity of the flesh I preached the gospel unto you at the first.
through
1 Corinthians 2:3, 2 Corinthians 10:10, 11:6,30, 12:7-10, 13:4
at
1:6, Acts 16:6
Verse 14

And my temptation which was in my flesh ye despised not, nor rejected; but received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus.
ye
13, Job 12:5, Psalms 119:141, Ecclesiastes 9:16, Isaiah 53:2,3, 1 Corinthians 1:28, 4:10, 1 Thessalonians 4:8
an angel
2 Samuel 14:17, 19:27, Zechariah 12:8, Malachi 2:7, Hebrews 13:2
as Christ
Matthew 10:40, 18:5, 25:40, Luke 10:16, John 13:20, 2 Corinthians 5:20, 1 Thessalonians 2:13
Verse 15

Where is then the blessedness ye spake of? for I bear you record, that, if it had been possible, ye would have plucked out your own eyes, and have given them to me.
Where is
or, What was. the blessedness.
3:14, 5:22, 6:4, Luke 8:13, Romans 4:6-9, 5:2, 15:13
I bear
Romans 10:2, 2 Corinthians 8:3, Colossians 4:13
if
19, Romans 9:3, 1 Thessalonians 2:8, 5:13, 1 John 3:16-18
Verse 16

Am I therefore become your enemy, because I tell you the truth?
become
3:1-4, 1 Kings 18:17,18, 21:20, 22:8,27, 2 Chronicles 24:20-22, 25:16, Psalms 141:5, Proverbs 9:8, John 7:7, 8:45
because
2:5,14, 5:7
Verse 17

They zealously affect you, but not well; yea, they would exclude you, that ye might affect them.
zealously
6:12,13, Matthew 23:15, Romans 10:2, 16:18, 1 Corinthians 11:2, 2 Corinthians 11:3,13-15, Philippians 2:21, 2 Peter 2:3,18
exclude you
or, exclude us.
1 Corinthians 4:8,18
Verse 18

But it is good to be zealously affected always in a good thing, and not only when I am present with you.
it is
Numbers 25:11-13, Psalms 69:9, 119:139, Isaiah 59:17, John 2:17, 1 Corinthians 15:58, Titus 2:14, Revelation 3:19
I am
20, Philippians 1:27, 2:12
Verse 19

My little children, of whom I travail in birth again until Christ be formed in you, 20 I desire to be present with you now, and to change my voice; for I stand in doubt of you.
little
1 Corinthians 4:14, 1 Timothy 1:2, Titus 1:4, Philemon 1:10,19, James 1:18, 1 John 2:1,12, 5:21
of
Numbers 11:11,12, Isaiah 53:11, Luke 22:44, Philippians 1:8, 2:17, Colossians 2:1, 4:12, Hebrews 5:7, Revelation 12:1,2
Christ
Romans 8:29, 13:14, Ephesians 4:24, Philippians 2:5, Colossians 1:27, 3:10
Verse 20

My little children, of whom I travail in birth again until Christ be formed in you, 20 I desire to be present with you now, and to change my voice; for I stand in doubt of you.
to be
1 Corinthians 4:19-21, 1 Thessalonians 2:17,18, 3:9
stand in doubt of you
or, am perplexed for you.
Verse 21

Tell me, ye that desire to be under the law, do ye not hear the law?
ye that
9, 3:10,23,24, Romans 6:14, 7:5,6, 9:30-32, 10:3-10
do
Matthew 21:42-44, 22:29-32, John 5:46,47
the law
John 10:34, 12:34, 15:25, Romans 3:19
Verse 22

For it is written, that Abraham had two sons, the one by a bondmaid, the other by a freewoman.
that
Genesis 16:2-4,15, 21:1,2,10
Verse 23

But he who was of the bondwoman was born after the flesh; but he of the freewoman was by promise.
born
Romans 9:7,8
but
Genesis 17:15-19, 18:10-14, 21:1,2, Romans 4:18-21, 10:8, Hebrews 11:11
Verse 24

Which things are an allegory: for these are the two covenants; the one from the mount Sinai, which gendereth to bondage, which is Agar.
an allegory
Ezekiel 20:49, Hosea 11:10, Matthew 13:35, 1 Corinthians 10:11; *Gr:; Hebrews 11:19
for
25, Luke 22:19,20, 1 Corinthians 10:4
the two
3:15-21, Hebrews 7:22, 8:6-13, 9:15-24, 10:15-18, 12:24, 13:20
covenants
or, testament. Sinai. Gr. Sina. which.
5:1, Romans 8:15
Agar
Genesis 16:3,4,8,15,16, 21:9-13, 25:12
Hagar
Verse 25

For this Agar is mount Sinai in Arabia, and answereth to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children.
is
Sinai
Deuteronomy 33:2, Judges 5:5, Psalms 68:8,17, Hebrews 12:18
Arabia
1:17, Acts 1:11
answereth to
or, is in the same rank with. her.
Matthew 23:37, Luke 13:34, 19:44
Verse 26

But Jerusalem which is above is free, which is the mother of us all.
Jerusalem
Psalms 87:3-6, Isaiah 2:2,3, 52:9, 62:1,2, 65:18, 66:10, Joel 3:17, Micah 4:1,2, Philippians 3:20, Hebrews 12:22, Revelation 3:12, 21:2,10-27
free
22, 5:1, John 8:36, Romans 6:14,18, 1 Peter 2:16
mother
Song of Solomon 8:1,2, Isaiah 50:1, Hosea 2:2,5, 4:5, Revelation 17:5
Verse 27

For it is written, Rejoice, thou barren that bearest not; break forth and cry, thou that travailest not: for the desolate hath many more children than she which hath an husband.
Rejoice
Isaiah 54:1-5
barren
1 Samuel 2:5, Psalms 113:9
desolate
Ruth 1:11-13, 4:14-16, 2 Samuel 13:20, Isaiah 49:21, 1 Timothy 5:5
Verse 28

Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are the children of promise.
23, 3:29, Acts 3:25, Romans 4:13-18, 9:8,9
Verse 29

But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, even so it is now.
he that
Genesis 21:9
after the Spirit
John 3:5, 15:9, Romans 8:1,13
even
5:11, 6:12-14, Matthew 23:34-37, 1 Thessalonians 2:14,15, Hebrews 10:33,34
Verse 30

Nevertheless what saith the scripture? Cast out the bondwoman and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.
what
3:8,22, Romans 4:3, 11:2, James 4:5
Cast
Genesis 21:10-12, Romans 11:7-11
for
John 8:35, Romans 8:15-17
Verse 31

So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the free.
we
5:1,13, John 1:12,13, 8:36, Hebrews 2:14,15, 1 John 3:1,2

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