Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Ezekiel 27

Clinging to a Counterfeit Cross
Introduction

1  The riches and commerce of Tyrus.
26  The great and irrecoverable fall thereof.

Verse 2

Now, thou son of man, take up a lamentation for Tyrus;
32, 19:1, 26:17, 28:12, 32:2, Jeremiah 7:20, 9:10,17-20, Amos 5:1,16

Verse 3

And say unto Tyrus, O thou that art situate at the entry of the sea, which art a merchant of the people for many isles, Thus saith the Lord GOD; O Tyrus, thou hast said, I am of perfect beauty.
O thou
Tyre was situated in the Mediterranean, at the nearest entrance to it from the interior and eastern part of Asia.
4,25, 26:17, 28:2,3, Isaiah 23:2
a merchant
12-36, Isaiah 23:3,8,11, Revelation 18:3,11-15
I am
4,10,11, 28:12-17, Psalms 50:2, Isaiah 23:9
of perfect beauty
Heb. perfect of beauty.

Verse 4

Thy borders are in the midst of the seas, thy builders have perfected thy beauty.
midst
Heb. heart.
26:5

Verse 5

They have made all thy ship boards of fir trees of Senir: they have taken cedars from Lebanon to make masts for thee.
made
Heb. built.
of Senir
Deuteronomy 3:9, Song of Solomon 4:8
Shenir
cedars.
1 Kings 5:1,6, Psalms 29:5, 92:12, 104:16, Isaiah 14:8

Verse 6

Of the oaks of Bashan have they made thine oars; the company of the Ashurites have made thy benches of ivory, brought out of the isles of Chittim.
the oaks
Isaiah 2:13, Zechariah 11:2
the company, etc
or, they have made thy hatches of ivory well trodden. Rather, "thy benches have they made of ivory inlaid with box, from the isles of Chittim." Vulgate, de insulis Italiæ, "from the islands of Italy," which were always famous for box-trees.
company
Heb. daughters. the isles.
Genesis 10:4
Kittim
Numbers 24:24, Jeremiah 2:10

Verse 7

Fine linen with broidered work from Egypt was that which thou spreadest forth to be thy sail; blue and purple from the isles of Elishah was that which covered thee.
linen
1 Kings 10:28, Proverbs 7:16, Isaiah 19:9
blue and purple
or, purple and scarlet.
Exodus 25:4, Jeremiah 10:9
Elishah
Elis, part of the Peloponnesus, extending along the western coast of Arcadia, north of Messenia, and south of Achaia.
Genesis 10:4, 1 Chronicles 1:7

Verse 8

The inhabitants of Zidon and Arvad were thy mariners: thy wise men, O Tyrus, that were in thee, were thy pilots.
Zidon
Genesis 10:15
Sidon
Genesis 49:13, Joshua 11:8
Arvad
11, Genesis 10:18, Isaiah 10:9, Jeremiah 49:23
wise
28, 1 Kings 5:6, 9:27, 2 Chronicles 2:13,14

Verse 9

The ancients of Gebal and the wise men thereof were in thee thy calkers: all the ships of the sea with their mariners were in thee to occupy thy merchandise.
Gebal
Joshua 13:5, 1 Kings 5:18; *marg:; Psalms 83:7
calkers
or, stoppers of chinks. Heb. strengtheners.

Verse 10

They of Persia and of Lud and of Phut were in thine army, thy men of war: they hanged the shield and helmet in thee; they set forth thy comeliness.
Persia
38:5, Daniel 5:28
of Lud
30:5, Genesis 10:6,13,22, 1 Chronicles 1:8,11,17, Isaiah 66:19, Jeremiah 46:9, Nahum 3:9
they hanged
11, Song of Solomon 4:4

Verse 11

The men of Arvad with thine army were upon thy walls round about, and the Gammadims were in thy towers: they hanged their shields upon thy walls round about; they have made thy beauty perfect.
of Arvad
they have
3,4

Verse 12

Tarshish was thy merchant by reason of the multitude of all kind of riches; with silver, iron, tin, and lead, they traded in thy fairs.
38:13, Genesis 10:4, 1 Kings 10:22, 22:48, 2 Chronicles 20:36,37, Psalms 72:10, Isaiah 2:16, Isaiah 23:6,10,14, 60:9, Jeremiah 10:9, Jonah 1:3

Verse 13

Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy merchants: they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass in thy market.
Javan
Genesis 10:2,4, 1 Chronicles 1:5,7, Isaiah 66:19, Daniel 8:21, 10:20, 11:2
Tubal
32:26, 38:2,3, 39:1, Genesis 10:2, 1 Chronicles 1:5
the persons
Joel 3:3, Revelation 18:13
market
or, merchandise.

Verse 14

They of the house of Togarmah traded in thy fairs with horses and horsemen and mules.
Togarmah
38:6, Genesis 10:3, 1 Chronicles 1:6

Verse 15

The men of Dedan were thy merchants; many isles were the merchandise of thine hand: they brought thee for a present horns of ivory and ebony.
Dedan
20, Genesis 10:7, 25:3, 1 Chronicles 1:9,32, Jeremiah 25:23, 49:8
of ivory
1 Kings 10:22, Revelation 18:12

Verse 16

Syria was thy merchant by reason of the multitude of the wares of thy making: they occupied in thy fairs with emeralds, purple, and broidered work, and fine linen, and coral, and agate.
Syria
Genesis 10:22
Aram
Genesis 28:5, Judges 10:6, 2 Samuel 8:5, 10:6, 15:8, Isaiah 7:2
the wares of thy making
Heb. thy works. agate. or, chrysoprase.

Verse 17

Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants: they traded in thy market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.
wheat
Deuteronomy 8:8, 32:14, 1 Kings 5:9, 2 Chronicles 2:10, Ezra 3:7, Acts 12:20
Minnith
Judges 11:33
balm
or, rosin.
Genesis 43:11, Jeremiah 8:22

Verse 18

Damascus was thy merchant in the multitude of the wares of thy making, for the multitude of all riches; in the wine of Helbon, and white wool.
Damascus
Genesis 15:2, 1 Kings 11:24,25, Isaiah 7:8, Acts 9:2
Helbon
The Chalybon of the Greeks and Romans, now called by the natives Haleb, and by us Aleppo, said to have been so celebrated for its wine, that the Persian kings would drink no other. It was a celebrated city of Syria, situated about 90 miles from the Mediterranean by way of Antioch, and 100 from the Euphrates, in lat. 36 degrees 11' 25" north, long. 37 degrees 9' east; and previous to its destruction by an earthquake in 1822, occupied, including its suburbs, eight small hills, with the intermediate valleys, comprehending a circuit of about seven miles; and its inhabitants were variously estimated at from 100,000 to 258,000 souls.

Verse 19

Dan also and Javan going to and fro occupied in thy fairs: bright iron, cassia, and calamus, were in thy market.
Dan
Judges 18:29
going to and fro
or, Menzal. cassia.
Exodus 30:23,24, Psalms 45:8, Song of Solomon 4:13,14

Verse 20

Dedan was thy merchant in precious clothes for chariots.
Dedan
15, Genesis 25:3
precious clothes
Heb. clothes of freedom.

Verse 21

Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar, they occupied with thee in lambs, and rams, and goats: in these were they thy merchants.
Arabia
1 Kings 10:15, Jeremiah 25:24, Acts 2:11, Galatians 4:25
Kedar
Genesis 25:13, 1 Chronicles 1:29, Song of Solomon 1:5, Isaiah 21:16, 60:7
occupied with thee
Heb. were the merchants of thy hand. in lambs.
2 Chronicles 17:11, Isaiah 60:7

Verse 22

The merchants of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy merchants: they occupied in thy fairs with chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold.
Sheba
Genesis 10:7, 1 Kings 10:1-13, 1 Chronicles 1:9, 2 Chronicles 9:1-12, Psalms 72:10,15, Isaiah 60:6

Verse 23

Haran, and Canneh, and Eden, the merchants of Sheba, Asshur, and Chilmad, were thy merchants.
Haran
Genesis 11:31,32, 12:4, 2 Kings 19:12, Isaiah 37:12, Acts 7:4
Charran
Canneh.
Genesis 10:10,22
Calneh
Isaiah 10:9
Calno
Amos 6:2
Calneh
Eden.
Genesis 2:8, Amos 1:5
Sheba
Genesis 25:3, Job 1:15
Asshur
Genesis 32:22, Numbers 24:22, Psalms 83:8, Isaiah 7:18,20

Verse 24

These were thy merchants in all sorts of things, in blue clothes, and broidered work, and in chests of rich apparel, bound with cords, and made of cedar, among thy merchandise.
all sorts of things
or, excellent things. clothes. Heb. foldings.
2 Kings 2:8

Verse 25

The ships of Tarshish did sing of thee in thy market: and thou wast replenished, and made very glorious in the midst of the seas.
ships
1 Kings 10:22, Psalms 48:7, Isaiah 2:16, 23:14, 60:9
glorious

Verse 26

Thy rowers have brought thee into great waters: the east wind hath broken thee in the midst of the seas.
rowers
Isaiah 33:23
great
26:19, Psalms 93:3,4, Revelation 17:15
the east
34, Psalms 48:7, Acts 27:14,41
midst
Heb. heart.

Verse 27

Thy riches, and thy fairs, thy merchandise, thy mariners, and thy pilots, thy calkers, and the occupiers of thy merchandise, and all thy men of war, that are in thee, and in all thy company which is in the midst of thee, shall fall into the midst of the seas in the day of thy ruin.
Thy riches
In these beautiful and expressive figures, Tyre is represented as a ship at sea, wrecked through the mistakes of her pilots and rowers; that is, destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar, and afterwards by Alexander, in consequence of her rulers having pertinaciously resolved to withstand those haughty conquerors. This vast ship, laden with all kinds of valuable wares, being wrecked, all her valuables, sailors, officers, etc. went to the bottom.
7-9,12,18,19,22,24,34, 26:12, Proverbs 11:4, Revelation 18:11-24
and in all
or, even with all. shall fall.
26:14,21
midst
Heb. heart.

Verse 28

The suburbs shall shake at the sound of the cry of thy pilots.
suburbs
or waves. shake.
35, 26:10,15-18, 31:16, Exodus 15:14, Nahum 2:3

Verse 29

And all that handle the oar, the mariners, and all the pilots of the sea, shall come down from their ships, they shall stand upon the land;
all that handle
Revelation 18:17-24
shall come
26:16, 32:10

Verse 30

And shall cause their voice to be heard against thee, and shall cry bitterly, and shall cast up dust upon their heads, they shall wallow themselves in the ashes:
shall cause
All that were on land, seeing this gallant ship perishing with all her men and goods, are here represented as setting up a dismal cry at the heart-rending sight.
31,32, 26:17, Isaiah 23:1-6, Revelation 18:9-19
cast
1 Samuel 4:12, 2 Samuel 1:2, Job 2:12, Lamentations 2:10, Revelation 18:19
they shall wallow
Esther 4:1-4, Job 2:8, 42:6, Jeremiah 6:26, 25:34, Jonah 3:6, Micah 1:10

Verse 31

And they shall make themselves utterly bald for thee, and gird them with sackcloth, and they shall weep for thee with bitterness of heart and bitter wailing.
they shall make
7:18, Leviticus 21:5, Deuteronomy 14:1, Isaiah 15:2, 22:12, Jeremiah 16:6, 47:5, 48:37, Amos 8:10, Micah 1:16
they shall weep
Isaiah 16:9, 22:4, Micah 1:8

Verse 32

And in their wailing they shall take up a lamentation for thee, and lament over thee, saying, What city is like Tyrus, like the destroyed in the midst of the sea?
take up
2, 26:17
What city
Lamentations 1:12, 2:13, Revelation 18:18
the destroyed
26, 26:4,5

Verse 33

When thy wares went forth out of the seas, thou filledst many people; thou didst enrich the kings of the earth with the multitude of thy riches and of thy merchandise.
thy wares
3,12-36, Isaiah 23:3-8, Revelation 18:3,12-15,19
with the
27, 28:16

Verse 34

In the time when thou shalt be broken by the seas in the depths of the waters thy merchandise and all thy company in the midst of thee shall fall.
26,27, 26:12-15,19-21, Zechariah 9:3,4

Verse 35

All the inhabitants of the isles shall be astonished at thee, and their kings shall be sore afraid, they shall be troubled in their countenance.
the inhabitants
26:15-18, Isaiah 23:6
their kings
28:17-19, 32:10, Revelation 18:9,10

Verse 36

The merchants among the people shall hiss at thee; thou shalt be a terror, and never shalt be any more.
hiss
26:2, 1 Kings 9:8, Jeremiah 18:16, 19:8, Lamentations 2:15, Zephaniah 2:15
thou shalt
26:14,21
a terror
Heb. terrors. never shalt be any more. Heb. shalt not be for ever.
Psalms 37:10,36

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