Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Exodus 31

Clinging to a Counterfeit Cross
Introduction

1  Bezaleel and Aholiab are appointed and qualified for the work of the tabernacle.
12  The observation of the sabbath is again commanded.
18  Moses receives the two tables.
Verse 2

See, I have called by name Bezaleel the son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah:
I have
33:12,17, 35:30, 36:1, Isaiah 45:3,4, Mark 3:16-19, John 3:27
Bezaleel
37:1, 1 Chronicles 2:19,20
Verse 3

And I have filled him with the spirit of God, in wisdom, and in understanding, and in knowledge, and in all manner of workmanship,
filled
35:31, 1 Kings 3:9, 7:14, Isaiah 28:6,26, 1 Corinthians 12:4-11
the spirit of God
Ruach Elohim, rather, "a spirit of God;" which is a usual Hebraism, signifying "an excellent spirit;" or, as we should now say, "a distinguished genius for the work he had to perform." No man, by course of reading or study, ever acquired a genius of any kind: we call it natural, and say it was born with the man: Moses teaches us to consider it divine. The prophet Isaiah, (ch. 28:24-29,) pointedly refers to this sort of teaching as coming from God, even in the most common and less difficult arts of life. Dark as the heathens were, yet they acknowledged that all talents and the seeds of all arts came from God.
Verse 4

To devise cunning works, to work in gold, and in silver, and in brass,
25:32-35, 26:1, 28:15, 1 Kings 7:14, 2 Chronicles 2:7,13,14
Verse 5

And in cutting of stones, to set them, and in carving of timber, to work in all manner of workmanship.
28:9-21
Verse 6

And I, behold, I have given with him Aholiab, the son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan: and in the hearts of all that are wise hearted I have put wisdom, that they may make all that I have commanded thee;
I have given
4:14,15, 6:26, Ezra 5:1,2, Ecclesiastes 4:9-12, Matthew 10:2-4, Luke 10:1, Acts 13:2, Acts 15:39,40
Aholiab
35:34, 36:1
wise hearted
28:3, 35:10,25,26,35, 36:1,8, 1 Kings 3:12, Proverbs 2:6,7, James 1:5,16,17
that they
37:1-38, Numbers 4:1-49, 1 Kings 6:1-8, 2 Chronicles 3:1-4, Ezekiel 43:1-48
Verse 7

The tabernacle of the congregation, and the ark of the testimony, and the mercy seat that is thereupon, and all the furniture of the tabernacle,
tabernacle
26:1-37, 27:9-19, 36:8-38
ark
25:10-22, 37:1-9
furniture
Heb. vessels.
Verse 8

And the table and his furniture, and the pure candlestick with all his furniture, and the altar of incense,
the table
25:23-30, 37:10-16
pure candlestick
25:31-40, 37:17-24
the altar
30:1-10, 37:25-28
Verse 9

And the altar of burnt offering with all his furniture, and the laver and his foot,
the altar
27:1-8, 38:1-7
the laver
30:18-21, 38:8, 40:11
Verse 10

And the cloths of service, and the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons, to minister in the priest's office,
28:1-43, 39:1-43, Leviticus 8:7,8,13, Numbers 4:5-14
Verse 11

And the anointing oil, and sweet incense for the holy place: according to all that I have commanded thee shall they do.
the anointing
30:23-33, 37:29
sweet incense
30:34-38
Verse 13

Speak thou also unto the children of Israel, saying, Verily my sabbaths ye shall keep: for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations; that ye may know that I am the LORD that doth sanctify you.
Verily
20:8-11, Leviticus 19:3,30, 23:3, 25:2, 26:2
a sign
17, Nehemiah 9:14, Ezekiel 20:12,20, 44:24
that ye may
Leviticus 20:8, 21:8, Ezekiel 37:28, John 17:17,19, 1 Thessalonians 5:23, Jude 1:1
Verse 14

Ye shall keep the sabbath therefore; for it is holy unto you: every one that defileth it shall surely be put to death: for whosoever doeth any work therein, that soul shall be cut off from among his people.
keep
20:8, Deuteronomy 5:12-15, Nehemiah 9:14, Isaiah 56:2-6, 58:13,14, Ezekiel 20:12, 44:24
everyone
Isaiah 56:2,6, Ezekiel 20:13,16,21,24
doeth
35:2,3, Numbers 15:35
Verse 15

Six days may work be done; but in the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.
Six days
17, 16:26, 20:9, 34:21, Leviticus 23:3, Ezekiel 46:1, Luke 13:14
the sabbath
16:23, 20:10, Genesis 2:2, Leviticus 23:3,32, Luke 23:56, Hebrews 4:9; *Gr:
holy
Heb. holiness. whosoever.
Numbers 15:32-36, Jeremiah 17:24-27
Verse 16

Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant.
a perpetual covenant
Genesis 9:13, 17:11, Jeremiah 50:5
Verse 17

It is a sign between me and the children of Israel for ever: for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed.
a sign
13, Ezekiel 20:12,20
six days
Genesis 1:31, 2:2,3, Hebrews 4:3,4,10
and was refreshed
God, in condescension to human weakness, applies to himself here what belongs to man; though it may refer to the delight and satisfaction with which he contemplated the completion of all his works, and pronounced them very good.
Genesis 1:31, Job 38:7, Psalms 104:31, Jeremiah 32:41
Verse 18

And he gave unto Moses, when he had made an end of communing with him upon mount Sinai, two tables of testimony, tables of stone, written with the finger of God.
gave
24:12,18, 32:15,16, 34:1-4,28,29, Deuteronomy 4:13, 5:22, 9:9-11, 2 Corinthians 3:3
the finger
8:19, 32:16, Jeremiah 31:33, Matthew 12:28, Luke 11:20, 2 Corinthians 3:7,8

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