Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Exodus 3

75 Free Online Commentaries

Introduction

1  Moses keeps Jethro's flock.
2  God appears to him in a burning bush.
9  He sends him to deliver Israel.
13  The name of God.
15  His message to Israel, and Pharaoh, whose opposition is foretold.
20  He is assured of Israel's deliverance.
Verse 1

Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro his father in law, the priest of Midian: and he led the flock to the backside of the desert, and came to the mountain of God, even to Horeb.
A. M. 2513. B.C. 1491. kept
Psalms 78:70-72, Amos 1:1, 7:14,15, Matthew 4:18,19, Luke 2:8
his father
2:16,21, 18:1-6, Numbers 10:29, Judges 4:11
the mountain
5, 18:5, 19:3,11, 24:15-17, 1 Kings 19:8
Horeb
17:6, Deuteronomy 1:6, 4:10, Psalms 106:19, Malachi 4:4
Verse 2

And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush: and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed.
angel
4,6, Genesis 16:7-13, 22:15,16, 48:16, Deuteronomy 33:16, Isaiah 63:9, Hosea 12:4,5, Malachi 3:1, Luke 20:37, Acts 7:30-35
bush burned
Genesis 15:13-17, Deuteronomy 4:20, Psalms 66:12, Isaiah 43:2, 53:10,11, Daniel 3:27, Zechariah 13:7, John 1:14, Romans 8:3, 2 Corinthians 1:8-10
Verse 3

And Moses said, I will now turn aside, and see this great sight, why the bush is not burnt.
Job 37:14, Psalms 107:8, 111:2-4, Acts 7:31
Verse 4

And when the LORD saw that he turned aside to see, God called unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses. And he said, Here am I.
unto him
Deuteronomy 33:16
Moses
Genesis 22:1,11, 46:2, 1 Samuel 3:4,6,8,10, Psalms 62:11, Acts 9:4, 10:3,13
Verse 5

And he said, Draw not nigh hither: put off thy shoes from off thy feet, for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground.
Draw not
19:12,21, Leviticus 10:3, Hebrews 12:20
put off
Genesis 28:16,17, Joshua 5:15, Ecclesiastes 5:1, Acts 7:33
Verse 6

Moreover he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. And Moses hid his face; for he was afraid to look upon God.
I am
14,15, 4:5, 29:45, Genesis 12:1,7, 17:7,8, 26:24, 28:13, 31:42, 32:9, 1 Kings 18:36, Esther 3:4, Psalms 132:2, Jeremiah 24:7, 31:33, 32:38, Ezekiel 11:20, Zechariah 8:8, Matthew 22:32, Mark 12:26, Luke 20:37, Acts 7:32,32
thy father
Though the word avicha, "thy father," is here used in the singular, yet St. Stephen, quoting this passage (Ac. 7:32), uses the plural, [Lo Theos ton patron sou] "the God of thy fathers;" and that this is the meaning, the following words prove. This reading is confirmed by the Samaritan and Coptic.
hid
Genesis 17:3, Judges 13:22, 1 Kings 19:13, Nehemiah 9:9, Job 42:5,6, Psalms 106:44,45, Isaiah 6:1-5, Daniel 10:7,8, Matthew 17:6, Luke 5:8, Acts 7:34, Hebrews 12:21, Revelation 1:17
Verse 7

And the LORD said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people which are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their sorrows;
I have
2:23-25, 22:23, Genesis 29:32, 1 Samuel 9:16, Psalms 22:24, 34:4,6, 106:44, Psalms 145:19, Isaiah 63:9, Hebrews 4:15
by reason
1:11
I know
Genesis 18:21, Psalms 142:3
Verse 8

And I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the place of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites.
I am
Genesis 11:5,7, 18:21, 50:24, Psalms 18:9-19, 12:5, 22:4,5, 34:8, 91:15, Isaiah 64:1, John 3:13, 6:38
deliver
6:6-8, 12:51, Genesis 15:14, 50:24
unto a good
17, 13:5, 33:2,3, Genesis 13:14,15, 15:18, Numbers 13:19,27, 14:7,8, Deuteronomy 1:7,25, Deuteronomy 8:7-9, 11:9-24, 26:9-15, 27:3, 28:11, Nehemiah 9:22-25, Jeremiah 2:7, 11:5, Jeremiah 32:22, Ezekiel 20:6
Canaanites
22:23-31, 34:11, Genesis 15:18-21, Deuteronomy 7:1, Joshua 9:1, Nehemiah 9:8
Verse 9

Now therefore, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come unto me: and I have also seen the oppression wherewith the Egyptians oppress them.
the cry
7, 2:23
and I have
7, 1:11,13,14,22, Psalms 12:5, Proverbs 22:22,23, Ecclesiastes 4:1, 5:8, Jeremiah 50:33,34, Amos 4:1, Micah 2:1-3
Verse 10

Come now therefore, and I will send thee unto Pharaoh, that thou mayest bring forth my people the children of Israel out of Egypt.
1 Samuel 12:6, Psalms 77:20, 103:6,7, 105:26, Isaiah 63:11,12, Hosea 12:13, Micah 6:4, Acts 7:34,36
Verse 11

And Moses said unto God, Who am I, that I should go unto Pharaoh, and that I should bring forth the children of Israel out of Egypt?
4:10-13, 6:12, 1 Samuel 18:18, 2 Samuel 7:18, 1 Kings 3:7,9, Isaiah 6:5-8, Jeremiah 1:6, Acts 7:23-25, 2 Corinthians 2:16, 3:5
Verse 12

And he said, Certainly I will be with thee; and this shall be a token unto thee, that I have sent thee: When thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve God upon this mountain.
Certainly
4:12,15, Genesis 15:1, 31:3, Deuteronomy 31:23, Joshua 1:5, Isaiah 41:10, 43:2, Matthew 28:20, Mark 16:20, Acts 11:21, Romans 8:31, Hebrews 13:5
token
4:1-9, Genesis 15:8, Judges 6:17,21,36-40, 7:11,13,14, Psalms 86:17, Isaiah 7:14, Isaiah 37:30, Jeremiah 43:9,10, 51:63,64
ye shall
19:1-40, Leviticus 1:1-27, Numbers 1:1-10
Verse 13

And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what shall I say unto them?
What is his name
14, 15:3, Genesis 32:29, Judges 13:6,17, Proverbs 30:4, Isaiah 7:14, 9:6, Jeremiah 23:6, Matthew 1:21,23
Verse 14

And God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you.
I AM hath
6:3, Job 11:7, Psalms 68:4, 90:2, Isaiah 44:6, Matthew 18:20, 28:20, John 8:58, 2 Corinthians 1:20, Hebrews 13:8, Revelation 1:4,8,17, 4:8
Verse 15

And God said moreover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, The LORD God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you: this is my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all generations.
The Lord
6, 4:5, Genesis 17:7,8, Deuteronomy 1:11,35, 4:1, 2 Chronicles 28:9, Matthew 22:32, Acts 7:32
this is my name for ever
The name here referred to is that which immediately precedes, [yhwh] ,] Yehowah, which we translate "Lord", the name by which God had been known from the creation of the world, (Ge 2:2,) and by which he is known to the present day. [yhwh] Yehowah, from [hwh] hawah, to be, subsist, signifies "He who is", or "subsists", i.e., eminently and in a manner superior to all other beings; and is essentially the same with [ahwh] eheyeh, "I AM", in the preceding verse.
Psalms 72:17,19, 135:13, 145:1,2, Isaiah 9:6, 63:12
my memorial
Psalms 102:12, Hosea 12:5, Micah 4:5, Malachi 3:6, Hebrews 13:8
Verse 16

Go, and gather the elders of Israel together, and say unto them, The LORD God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob, appeared unto me, saying, I have surely visited you, and seen that which is done to you in Egypt:
elders
4:29, 18:12, 24:11, Genesis 1:7, Matthew 26:3, Acts 11:30, 20:17, 1 Peter 5:1
visited
2:25, 4:31, 13:19, 15:14, Genesis 21:1, 50:24, Ruth 1:6, Psalms 8:4, Luke 1:68, Luke 19:44, Acts 15:14, Hebrews 2:6,7, 1 Peter 2:12
Verse 17

And I have said, I will bring you up out of the affliction of Egypt unto the land of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, unto a land flowing with milk and honey.
I will bring
9, 2:23-25, Genesis 15:13-21, 46:4, 50:24
unto the land
8, Genesis 15:14,18-21
Verse 18

And they shall hearken to thy voice: and thou shalt come, thou and the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto him, The LORD God of the Hebrews hath met with us: and now let us go, we beseech thee, three days' journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God.
and they
16, 4:31, Joshua 1:17, 2 Chronicles 30:12, Psalms 110:3, Jeremiah 26:5
and thou
5:1-3
The Lord
7:16, 9:1,13, 10:3
met
4:24, 5:3, 25:22, 29:42,43, 30:6,36, Genesis 12:1, 15:1, 17:1, 48:3, Numbers 17:4, 23:3,4,15,16, Isaiah 64:5
three days'
8:27, 13:17,18
that we may
12, 7:16, 8:25-28, 9:1, 10:24-26, 19:1, Jeremiah 2:2,6
Verse 19

And I am sure that the king of Egypt will not let you go, no, not by a mighty hand.
will not
5:2, 7:4
no, not by a mighty hand
or, but by a strong hand.
6:1, 7:1-14, Psalms 136:11,12, Isaiah 63:12,13
Verse 20

And I will stretch out my hand, and smite Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that he will let you go.
stretch
6:6, 7:5, 9:15, Ezekiel 20:33
smite
7:3, 11:9, Deuteronomy 4:34, 6:22, Nehemiah 9:10, Psalms 105:27, 106:22, 135:8,9, Isaiah 19:22, Jeremiah 32:20,21, Acts 7:36, Acts 7:1-13
after that
11:8, 12:31,39, Genesis 15:14, Judges 6:8, 8:16, Isaiah 26:11, Psalms 105:38
Verse 21

And I will give this people favour in the sight of the Egyptians: and it shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not go empty:
11:3, 12:36, Genesis 39:21, Nehemiah 1:11, Psalms 106:46, Proverbs 16:7, Acts 7:10
Verse 22

But every woman shall borrow of her neighbour, and of her that sojourneth in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment: and ye shall put them upon your sons, and upon your daughters; and ye shall spoil the Egyptians.
But
11:2, 12:35,36, Genesis 15:14, Psalms 105:37
borrow
Or, rather ask or demand, as the word properly signifies; and is so rendered by the LXX., Vulgate, and Geneva and Barker's Bible: the other ancient versions are the same as the Hebrew.
spoil
Job 27:16,17, Proverbs 13:22, Isaiah 33:1, Ezekiel 39:10
the Egyptians
or, Egypt.

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