Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Exodus 29

Clinging to a Counterfeit Cross
Introduction

1  The sacrifice and ceremonies of consecrating the priests and the altar.
38  The continual burnt offerings.
45  God's promise to dwell among the children of Israel.
Verse 1

And this is the thing that thou shalt do unto them to hallow them, to minister unto me in the priest's office: Take one young bullock, and two rams without blemish,
An
Ex. Is. 1. Thammuz. hallow them.
21, 20:11, 28:41, Leviticus 8:2-36, Matthew 6:9
to minister
28:3
Take
Leviticus 8:2, 9:2, 16:3, 2 Chronicles 13:9
without
12:5, Leviticus 4:3, 5:15,16, 6:6, 22:20, Malachi 1:13,14, Hebrews 7:26, 1 Peter 1:19
Verse 2

And unleavened bread, and cakes unleavened tempered with oil, and wafers unleavened anointed with oil: of wheaten flour shalt thou make them.
bread
12:8, Leviticus 2:4, 6:20-22, 8:2, 1 Corinthians 5:7
tempered
23, Leviticus 2:4,5,15, 7:10, Numbers 6:15
wafers
Leviticus 7:12, 8:26, Numbers 6:15,19
Verse 3

And thou shalt put them into one basket, and bring them in the basket, with the bullock and the two rams.
in the basket
Leviticus 8:2,26,31, Numbers 6:17
Verse 4

And Aaron and his sons thou shalt bring unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and shalt wash them with water.
unto the door
26:36, 40:28, Leviticus 8:3-6
wash them
30:18-21, 40:12, Leviticus 8:6, 14:8, Deuteronomy 23:11, Ezekiel 36:25, John 13:8-10, Ephesians 5:26, Titus 3:5, Hebrews 10:22, 1 Peter 3:21, Revelation 1:5,6
Verse 5

And thou shalt take the garments, and put upon Aaron the coat, and the robe of the ephod, and the ephod, and the breastplate, and gird him with the curious girdle of the ephod:
garments
28:2-8, Leviticus 8:7,8
curious
The word cheshev, translated curious girdle, simply signifies a kind of diaper or embroidered work, of the same texture as the ephod itself.
28:8
Verse 6

And thou shalt put the mitre upon his head, and put the holy crown upon the mitre.
mitre
Mitznepheth, from tzanaph, to wrap round, evidently means that covering of the head so universal in eastern countries, which we call turband, which consists of a cap, and a sash of fine linen or silk wound round its bottom.
28:36-39, Leviticus 8:9
Verse 7

Then shalt thou take the anointing oil, and pour it upon his head, and anoint him.
28:41, 30:23-31, Leviticus 8:10-12, 10:7, 21:10, Numbers 35:25, Psalms 89:20, 133:2, Isaiah 61:1, John 3:34, 1 John 2:27
Verse 8

And thou shalt bring his sons, and put coats upon them.
28:40, Leviticus 8:13
Verse 9

And thou shalt gird them with girdles, Aaron and his sons, and put the bonnets on them: and the priest's office shall be theirs for a perpetual statute: and thou shalt consecrate Aaron and his sons.
put
Heb. bind. the priest's.
28:1, Numbers 16:10,35,40, 18:7, Hebrews 5:4,5,10, 7:11-14
consecrate
Heb. fill the hand of.
28:41, 32:29; *marg:; Leviticus 8:22-28, Hebrews 7:23-28
Verse 10

And thou shalt cause a bullock to be brought before the tabernacle of the congregation: and Aaron and his sons shall put their hands upon the head of the bullock.
cause
put
15,19, Leviticus 1:4, 3:2, 8:14,18, 16:21, Isaiah 53:6, 2 Corinthians 5:21
Verse 11

And thou shalt kill the bullock before the LORD, by the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.
And
Leviticus 1:4,5, 8:15, 9:8,12
door
4, Leviticus 1:3
Verse 12

And thou shalt take of the blood of the bullock, and put it upon the horns of the altar with thy finger, and pour all the blood beside the bottom of the altar.
the blood
Leviticus 8:15, 9:9, 16:14,18,19, Hebrews 9:13,14,22, 10:4
the horns
27:2, 30:2, 38:2
pour all
Leviticus 4:7,18,25,30,34, 5:9, 9:9
Verse 13

And thou shalt take all the fat that covereth the inwards, and the caul that is above the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, and burn them upon the altar.
all the fat
22, Leviticus 3:3,4,9,10,14-16, 4:8,9,26,31,35, 6:12, 7:3,31, Psalms 22:14, Isaiah 1:11, 34:6, 43:24
and the caul
It seemeth by anatomy, and the Hebrew doctors, to be the midriff.
Leviticus 8:16,25, 9:10,19
burn them
18,25, Leviticus 1:9,15, 16:25, 17:6, Numbers 18:17, 1 Samuel 2:16
Verse 14

But the flesh of the bullock, and his skin, and his dung, shalt thou burn with fire without the camp: it is a sin offering.
flesh
Leviticus 4:11,12,21, 8:17, 16:27, Hebrews 13:11-13
it is a
30:10, Leviticus 4:3,25,29,32, 5:6,8, 6:25, 9:2, 16:3,11, Numbers 7:16, 2 Chronicles 29:24, Ezra 8:35
Verse 15

Thou shalt also take one ram; and Aaron and his sons shall put their hands upon the head of the ram.
one
3,19, Leviticus 8:18-21
put
10, Leviticus 1:4-9
Verse 16

And thou shalt slay the ram, and thou shalt take his blood, and sprinkle it round about upon the altar.
11,12
Verse 17

And thou shalt cut the ram in pieces, and wash the inwards of him, and his legs, and put them unto his pieces, and unto his head.
wash the
Leviticus 1:9,13, 8:21, 9:14, Jeremiah 4:14, Matthew 23:26
unto
or, upon.
Verse 18

And thou shalt burn the whole ram upon the altar: it is a burnt offering unto the LORD: it is a sweet savour, an offering made by fire unto the LORD.
a burnt offering
Genesis 22:2,7,13, Leviticus 9:24, 1 Samuel 7:9, 1 Kings 3:4, 18:38, Psalms 50:8, Isaiah 1:11, Jeremiah 6:20, 7:21,22, Mark 12:33, Hebrews 10:6-10
sweet savour
Genesis 8:21, Leviticus 1:17, Ephesians 5:2, Philippians 4:18
Verse 19

And thou shalt take the other ram; and Aaron and his sons shall put their hands upon the head of the ram.
other
3, Leviticus 8:22-29
Aaron
Verse 20

Then shalt thou kill the ram, and take of his blood, and put it upon the tip of the right ear of Aaron, and upon the tip of the right ear of his sons, and upon the thumb of their right hand, and upon the great toe of their right foot, and sprinkle the blood upon the altar round about.
put it upon the tip
All this doubtless was intended to signify, that the priest should dedicate all his faculties and powers to the service of God; his ear to the hearing and study of the law; his hands to diligence in the sacred ministry, and to all acts of obedience; and his feet to walking in the way of God's precepts; for the ear is the symbol of obedience, the hand of action, and the foot of the path or conduct in life. And the sprinkling might further teach him, that he could neither hear, work, nor walk profitably, uprightly, and well pleasingly in the sight of God, without the application of the blood of the sacrifice.
Leviticus 8:24, 14:14, Isaiah 50:5, Mark 7:33
sprinkle
Leviticus 14:7,16, 16:14,15,19, Isaiah 52:15, Hebrews 9:19-23, 10:22, 12:24, 1 Peter 1:2
Verse 21

And thou shalt take of the blood that is upon the altar, and of the anointing oil, and sprinkle it upon Aaron, and upon his garments, and upon his sons, and upon the garments of his sons with him: and he shall be hallowed, and his garments, and his sons, and his sons' garments with him.
the anointing oil
7, 30:25-31, Leviticus 8:30, 14:15-18,29, Psalms 133:2, Isaiah 11:2-5, 61:1-3
shall be
1, John 17:19, Hebrews 9:22, 10:29
Verse 22

Also thou shalt take of the ram the fat and the rump, and the fat that covereth the inwards, and the caul above the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, and the right shoulder; for it is a ram of consecration:
Also thou
13, Leviticus 8:25-27
the rump
Alyah is the large tail of a species of eastern sheep. "This tail," says Dr. Russell, "is very broad and large, terminating in a small appendix that turns back upon it. It is of a substance between fat and marrow, and is not eaten separately, but mixed with lean meat in many of their dishes, and also often used instead of butter. A common sheep of this sort, without the head, feet, skin, and entrails, weighs about twelve or fourteen Aleppo rotoloes, (a rotoloe is five pounds,) of which the tail is usually three rotoloes or upwards; but such as are of the largest breed, and have been fattened, will sometimes weigh about thirty rotoloes, and the tails of these ten."
Leviticus 3:9, 7:3, 9:19
right shoulder
Leviticus 7:32,33, 9:21, 10:14, Numbers 18:18
Verse 23

And one loaf of bread, and one cake of oiled bread, and one wafer out of the basket of the unleavened bread that is before the LORD:
2,3
Verse 24

And thou shalt put all in the hands of Aaron, and in the hands of his sons; and shalt wave them for a wave offering before the LORD.
put
Leviticus 8:27
wave them
Heb. shake to and fro. a wave.
26,27, Leviticus 7:30, 9:21, 10:14
Verse 25

And thou shalt receive them of their hands, and burn them upon the altar for a burnt offering, for a sweet savour before the LORD: it is an offering made by fire unto the LORD.
thou
Leviticus 7:29-31, 8:28, Psalms 99:6
for a sweet
offering
41, Leviticus 1:9,13, 2:2,9,16, 3:3,5,9,11,14,16, 7:5,25, 10:13, 1 Samuel 2:28
Verse 26

And thou shalt take the breast of the ram of Aaron's consecration, and wave it for a wave offering before the LORD: and it shall be thy part.
the breast
Leviticus 8:29
it shall be thy
Psalms 99:6
Verse 27

And thou shalt sanctify the breast of the wave offering, and the shoulder of the heave offering, which is waved, and which is heaved up, of the ram of the consecration, even of that which is for Aaron, and of that which is for his sons:
the breast
Leviticus 7:31-34, 8:29, 9:21, 10:15, Numbers 6:20, 18:11,18,19, Deuteronomy 18:3
the wave offering
The wave offering and heave offering are thus distinguished by the Jewish writers: the former, called tenoophah, from nooph, to move, toss, was waved horizontally towards the four cardinal points, to signify that He to whom it was consecrated was the Lord of the whole earth; the latter, called teroomah, from room, to be elevated, was lifted perpendicularly upward and downward, in token of its being devoted to the God of heaven.
the ram of the consecration
Ail milluim, literally, "the ram of filling;" so called, according to some, because at the consecration of the priests, certain pieces of the sacrifice were put into their hands (ver. 24;) on which account their consecration itself is called "filling their hands." (ch. 28:41.) Rabbi Solomon gives a different reason for the ram being so called, from malai, to be full, complete; because the sacrifice completed the consecration, and thereupon the priests were fully invested in their office. Accordingly, the LXX. render it by [teleiosis] consummation.
Hebrews 7:28, Leviticus 7:37, 8:28-31
Verse 28

And it shall be Aaron's and his sons' by a statute for ever from the children of Israel: for it is an heave offering: and it shall be an heave offering from the children of Israel of the sacrifice of their peace offerings, even their heave offering unto the LORD.
Aaron's
Leviticus 7:32-34, 10:14,15, Deuteronomy 18:3
is an heave
27, Leviticus 7:14,34, Numbers 15:19,20, 18:24,29, 31:29,41
sacrifice
Leviticus 3:1, 7:11-38
Verse 29

And the holy garments of Aaron shall be his sons' after him, to be anointed therein, and to be consecrated in them.
holy
28:3,4
his
Numbers 20:26-28
anointed
5-7, 30:30, 40:15, Leviticus 8:7-12, Numbers 18:8, 35:25
Verse 30

And that son that is priest in his stead shall put them on seven days, when he cometh into the tabernacle of the congregation to minister in the holy place.
that son
Heb. he of his sons.
Numbers 20:28, Hebrews 7:26
seven days
35, 12:15, Genesis 8:10,12, Leviticus 8:33-35, 9:1,8, 12:2,3, 13:5, Joshua 6:14,15, Ezekiel 43:26, Acts 20:6,7
Verse 31

And thou shalt take the ram of the consecration, and seethe his flesh in the holy place.
the ram
seethe his flesh
Leviticus 8:31, 1 Samuel 2:13,15, Ezekiel 46:20-24
Verse 32

And Aaron and his sons shall eat the flesh of the ram, and the bread that is in the basket, by the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.
Aaron
24:9-11, Leviticus 10:12-14
and the bread
2,3,23, Matthew 12:4
Verse 33

And they shall eat those things wherewith the atonement was made, to consecrate and to sanctify them: but a stranger shall not eat thereof, because they are holy.
eat those
Leviticus 10:13-18, Psalms 22:26, John 6:53-55, 1 Corinthians 11:24,26
a stranger
Leviticus 22:10-13, Numbers 1:51, 3:10,38, 16:40, 18:4,7
they are holy
Numbers 16:5
Verse 34

And if ought of the flesh of the consecrations, or of the bread, remain unto the morning, then thou shalt burn the remainder with fire: it shall not be eaten, because it is holy.
flesh
22,26,28
burn
12:10, 16:19, Leviticus 7:18,19, 8:32, 10:16
Verse 35

And thus shalt thou do unto Aaron, and to his sons, according to all things which I have commanded thee: seven days shalt thou consecrate them.
thus shalt thou do
40:12-15, Leviticus 8:4-36
according
39:42,43, 40:16, John 16:14
seven days
30,37, 40:12,13, Leviticus 8:33-35, 14:8-11
Verse 36

And thou shalt offer every day a bullock for a sin offering for atonement: and thou shalt cleanse the altar, when thou hast made an atonement for it, and thou shalt anoint it, to sanctify it.
every day
10-14, Ezekiel 43:25,27, 48:18-20, Hebrews 10:11
cleanse
Leviticus 16:16-19,27, Hebrews 9:22,23
anoint it
30:26,28,29, 40:9-11, Leviticus 8:10,11, Numbers 7:1
Verse 37

Seven days thou shalt make an atonement for the altar, and sanctify it; and it shall be an altar most holy: whatsoever toucheth the altar shall be holy.
and sanctify it
40:10, Daniel 9:24
it shall be an
30:29, Matthew 23:17,19
Verse 38

Now this is that which thou shalt offer upon the altar; two lambs of the first year day by day continually.
two lambs
Numbers 28:3-8, 1 Chronicles 16:40, 2 Chronicles 2:4, 13:11, 31:3, Ezra 3:3, Daniel 9:21,27, Daniel 12:11, John 1:29, Hebrews 7:27, 1 Peter 1:19, Revelation 5:9-12
Verse 39

The one lamb thou shalt offer in the morning; and the other lamb thou shalt offer at even:
in the morning
2 Kings 16:15, 2 Chronicles 13:11, Psalms 5:3, 55:16,17, Ezekiel 46:13-15, Luke 1:10, Acts 26:7
at even
Verse 40

And with the one lamb a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering.
a tenth
16:36, Numbers 15:4,9, 28:5,13
deal
Deal signifies a part, from the Anglo-Saxon dæl, a part, or portion, taken from the whole, from dælan, to divide. From Nu 28:5, we learn, that this tenth deal was the tenth part of an ephah, which constituted an omer, about three quarts English.
hin
30:24, Leviticus 23:13, Numbers 15:4, 28:14, Ezekiel 4:11, 45:24, 46:5,7,11,14
a drink
Genesis 35:14, Leviticus 23:13, Numbers 6:15-17, 15:5,7,10,24, 28:10,14,15,24, Numbers 29:16, Deuteronomy 32:38, Isaiah 57:6, Ezekiel 20:28, 45:17, Joel 1:9,13, 2:14, Philippians 2:17; *Gr:
Verse 41

And the other lamb thou shalt offer at even, and shalt do thereto according to the meat offering of the morning, and according to the drink offering thereof, for a sweet savour, an offering made by fire unto the LORD.
offer
1 Kings 18:29,36, 2 Kings 16:15, Ezra 9:4,5, Psalms 141:2, Ezekiel 46:13-15, Daniel 9:21
Verse 42

a continual: Exodus 29:38, Exodus 30:8; Numbers 28:6; Daniel 8:11-13, Daniel 12:11

where: Exodus 25:22, Exodus 30:6, Exodus 30:36; Leviticus 1:1; Numbers 17:4

Verse 43

And there I will meet with the children of Israel, and the tabernacle shall be sanctified by my glory.
the tabernacle
or, Israel. sanctified.
40:34, 1 Kings 8:11, 2 Chronicles 5:14, 7:1-3, Isaiah 6:1-3, 60:1, Ezekiel 43:5, Haggai 2:7-9, Malachi 3:1, 2 Corinthians 3:18, 4:6, 1 John 3:2, Revelation 21:22,23
Verse 44

And I will sanctify the tabernacle of the congregation, and the altar: I will sanctify also both Aaron and his sons, to minister to me in the priest's office.
sanctify also
Leviticus 21:15, 22:9,16, John 10:36, Revelation 1:5,6
Verse 45

And I will dwell among the children of Israel, and will be their God.
15:17, 25:8, Leviticus 26:12, Psalms 68:18, Zechariah 2:10, John 14:17,20,23, 2 Corinthians 6:16, Ephesians 2:22, Revelation 21:3
Verse 46

And they shall know that I am the LORD their God, that brought them forth out of the land of Egypt, that I may dwell among them: I am the LORD their God.
that I am
20:2, Jeremiah 31:33
them: I am
Leviticus 11:44, 18:30, 19:2, Ezekiel 20:5

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