Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Exodus 16

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Introduction

1  The Israelites come to Sin, and murmur for want of bread.
4  God promises them bread and flesh from heaven, and they are rebuked.
13  Quails and manna are sent.
16  The ordering of manna.
25  It was not to be found on the sabbath.
32  An omer of it is preserved.
Verse 1

And they took their journey from Elim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came unto the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after their departing out of the land of Egypt.
A. M. 2513. B.C. 1491. An. Ex. Is. 1. Ijar. took
15:27, Numbers 33:10-12
Sin
This desert was traversed by Dr. Shaw in nine hours. He was all the day diverted by varieties of lizards and vipers, which abound there.
17:1, Numbers 33:12, Ezekiel 30:15,16
Verse 2

And the whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness:
15:24, Genesis 19:4, Psalms 106:7,13,25, 1 Corinthians 10:10
Verse 3

And the children of Israel said unto them, Would to God we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh pots, and when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.
Would
Numbers 20:3-5, Deuteronomy 28:67, Joshua 7:7, 2 Samuel 18:33, Lamentations 4:9, Acts 26:29, 1 Corinthians 4:8, 2 Corinthians 11:1
we had
Numbers 11:15, 14:2, Job 3:1,10,20, Jeremiah 20:14-18, Jonah 4:8,9
flesh
2:23, Numbers 11:4,5
to kill
5:21, 17:3, Numbers 16:13,41
hunger
Deuteronomy 8:3, Jeremiah 2:6, Lamentations 4:9
Verse 4

Then said the LORD unto Moses, Behold, I will rain bread from heaven for you; and the people shall go out and gather a certain rate every day, that I may prove them, whether they will walk in my law, or no.
I will rain
Psalms 78:24,25, 105:40, John 6:31,32, 1 Corinthians 10:3
a certain rate every day
Heb. the portion of a day in his day.
Nehemiah 11:23, Proverbs 30:8, Matthew 6:11,32,33, Luke 11:3
prove them
15:25, Deuteronomy 8:2,16, Joshua 24:15
Verse 5

And it shall come to pass, that on the sixth day they shall prepare that which they bring in; and it shall be twice as much as they gather daily.
prepare
23, 35:2,3, Leviticus 25:21,22
Verse 6

And Moses and Aaron said unto all the children of Israel, At even, then ye shall know that the LORD hath brought you out from the land of Egypt:
even
8,12,13
the Lord
3, 6:7, 12:51, 32:1,7,11, Numbers 16:28,30, Psalms 77:20, Isaiah 63:11,12
Verse 7

And in the morning, then ye shall see the glory of the LORD; for that he heareth your murmurings against the LORD: and what are we, that ye murmur against us?
the morning
ye shall
10, 24:10,16, 40:34, Leviticus 9:6, Numbers 14:10, 16:42, Isaiah 35:2, 40:5, John 11:4,40
what are we
2,3,8, Numbers 16:11
Verse 8

And Moses said, This shall be, when the LORD shall give you in the evening flesh to eat, and in the morning bread to the full; for that the LORD heareth your murmurings which ye murmur against him: and what are we? your murmurings are not against us, but against the LORD.
the Lord heareth
9,12, Numbers 14:27, Matthew 9:4, John 6:41-43, 1 Corinthians 10:10
but against
Numbers 21:7, 1 Samuel 8:7, Isaiah 32:6, 37:29, Matthew 10:40, Luke 10:16, John 13:20, Romans 13:2, 1 Thessalonians 4:8
Verse 9

And Moses spake unto Aaron, Say unto all the congregation of the children of Israel, Come near before the LORD: for he hath heard your murmurings.
Come near
Numbers 16:16
heard
2,8
Verse 10

And it came to pass, as Aaron spake unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of the LORD appeared in the cloud.
that they
7, Numbers 14:10, 16:19,42
appeared
13:21,22, 40:34-38, Leviticus 9:6, Numbers 16:42, 1 Kings 8:10,11, Matthew 17:5
Verse 12

I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel: speak unto them, saying, At even ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread; and ye shall know that I am the LORD your God.
I have
At even
in the morning
ye shall know
4:5, 6:7, 7:17, Jeremiah 31:24, Ezekiel 34:30, 39:22, Joel 3:17, Zechariah 13:9
Verse 13

And it came to pass, that at even the quails came up, and covered the camp: and in the morning the dew lay round about the host.
the quails
The Hebrew selav, Chaldee selaiv, Syriac and Arabic selwa, is without doubt the quail: so the LXX. render it [ortygométre] a large kind of quail. Josephus, [ortyx] Ethopic, ferferat, and Vulgate, coturnices, quails, with which agree Philo and the Rabbins. The quail is a bird of the gallinaceous kind, somewhat less than a pigeon, but larger than a sparrow. Hasselquist describes the quail of the larger kind as very much resembling the red partridge, but not larger than the turtle dove; found in Judea as well as in the deserts of Arabia Petraæ and Egypt; and affording a most agreeable and delicate dish.
Numbers 11:31-33, Psalms 78:27,28, 105:40
the dew
Numbers 11:9
Verse 14

And when the dew that lay was gone up, behold, upon the face of the wilderness there lay a small round thing, as small as the hoar frost on the ground.
the dew
Numbers 11:7-9, Deuteronomy 8:3, Nehemiah 9:15, Psalms 78:24, 105:40
the hoar frost
Psalms 147:16
Verse 15

And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another, It is manna: for they wist not what it was. And Moses said unto them, This is the bread which the LORD hath given you to eat.
It is manna
or, What is this? or, It is a portion.
31,33, Deuteronomy 8:3,16, Joshua 5:12, Nehemiah 9:15,20, John 6:31,32,49,58, 1 Corinthians 10:3, Hebrews 9:4, Revelation 2:17
This is
4, Numbers 21:5, Proverbs 9:5, Luke 12:30
Verse 16

This is the thing which the LORD hath commanded, Gather of it every man according to his eating, an omer for every man, according to the number of your persons; take ye every man for them which are in his tents.
omer
18,33,36
for every man
Heb. by the poll, or head. persons. Heb. souls.
Verse 18

And when they did mete it with an omer, he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that gathered little had no lack; they gathered every man according to his eating.
2 Corinthians 8:14,15
Verse 19

And Moses said, Let no man leave of it till the morning.
12:10, 23:18, Matthew 6:34
Verse 20

Notwithstanding they hearkened not unto Moses; but some of them left of it until the morning, and it bred worms, and stank: and Moses was wroth with them.
bred worms
Matthew 6:19, Luke 12:15,33, Hebrews 13:5, James 5:2,3
and Moses
Numbers 12:3, 16:15, Mark 3:5, 10:14, Ephesians 4:26
Verse 21

And they gathered it every morning, every man according to his eating: and when the sun waxed hot, it melted.
Proverbs 6:6-11, Ecclesiastes 9:10, 12:1, Matthew 6:33, John 12:35, 2 Corinthians 6:2
Verse 22

And it came to pass, that on the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for one man: and all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses.
5,16, Leviticus 25:12,22
Verse 23

And he said unto them, This is that which the LORD hath said, To morrow is the rest of the holy sabbath unto the LORD: bake that which ye will bake to day, and seethe that ye will seethe; and that which remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.
rest
20:8-11, 31:15, 35:3, Genesis 2:2,3, Leviticus 23:3, Mark 2:27,28, Luke 23:56, Revelation 1:10
bake
Numbers 11:8
Verse 24

And they laid it up till the morning, as Moses bade: and it did not stink, neither was there any worm therein.
20,33
Verse 25

And Moses said, Eat that to day; for to day is a sabbath unto the LORD: to day ye shall not find it in the field.
23,29, Nehemiah 9:14
Verse 26

Six days ye shall gather it; but on the seventh day, which is the sabbath, in it there shall be none.
20:9-11, Deuteronomy 5:13, Ezekiel 46:1, Luke 13:14
Verse 27

And it came to pass, that there went out some of the people on the seventh day for to gather, and they found none.
and they found none
Proverbs 20:4
Verse 28

And the LORD said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?
10:3, Numbers 14:11, 20:12, 2 Kings 17:14, Psalms 78:10,22, 81:13,14, 106:13, Isaiah 7:9,13, Jeremiah 4:14, 9:6, Ezekiel 5:6, 20:13,16, Mark 9:19
Verse 29

See, for that the LORD hath given you the sabbath, therefore he giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two days; abide ye every man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day.
hath given
31:13, Nehemiah 9:14, Isaiah 58:13,14, Ezekiel 20:12
abide ye
Luke 23:56
Verse 30

So the people rested on the seventh day.
Leviticus 23:3, Deuteronomy 5:12-14, Hebrews 4:9
Verse 31

And the house of Israel called the name thereof Manna: and it was like coriander seed, white; and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey.
called the name
15; In consequence of the term manna having been given to a drug which is now much used in England, many persons have ignorantly supposed it to be the same sort of thing as that miraculously sent for the sustenance of the children of Israel in the wilderness. The manna of commerce comes from Calabria and Sicily, where it oozes out of a kind of ash tree, from the end of June to the end of July, and is a thick, clammy, sweet juice, partly drawn from the tree by the rays of the sun, partly by the puncture of insects, and partly by artificial means. The European manna is not so good as the Oriental, which is gathered in Syria, Arabia, and Persia, from the Oriental oak, and from a shrub which is called in Persia {teranjabin.}
and it was
Numbers 11:6,7, Song of Solomon 2:3
Verse 32

And Moses said, This is the thing which the LORD commandeth, Fill an omer of it to be kept for your generations; that they may see the bread wherewith I have fed you in the wilderness, when I brought you forth from the land of Egypt.
Psalms 103:1,2, 105:5, 111:4,5, Luke 22:19, Hebrews 2:1
Verse 33

And Moses said unto Aaron, Take a pot, and put an omer full of manna therein, and lay it up before the LORD, to be kept for your generations.
Hebrews 9:4
Verse 34

As the LORD commanded Moses, so Aaron laid it up before the Testimony, to be kept.
25:16,21, 27:21, 30:6,36, 31:18, 38:21, 40:20, Numbers 1:50,53, 17:10, Deuteronomy 10:5, 1 Kings 8:9
Verse 35

And the children of Israel did eat manna forty years, until they came to a land inhabited; they did eat manna, until they came unto the borders of the land of Canaan.
forty years
Numbers 33:38, Deuteronomy 8:2,3, Nehemiah 9:15,20,21, Psalms 78:24,25, John 6:30-58
until they come to
Joshua 5:12
the borders
Numbers 33:48-50, Deuteronomy 1:8, 34:1-4
Verse 36

Now an omer is the tenth part of an ephah.
16,32,33

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