Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Deuteronomy 3

75 Free Online Commentaries

Introduction

1  The conquest of Og, king of Bashan.
11  The size of his bed.
12  The distribution of his lands to the two tribes and half.
23  Moses prays to enter into the land.
26  He is permitted to see it.
Verse 1

Then we turned, and went up the way to Bashan: and Og the king of Bashan came out against us, he and all his people, to battle at Edrei.
Bashan
Bashan, one of the most fertile districts of the Holy Land, was bounded on the west by the Jordan and lake of Gennesareth, on the east by Trachonitis, on the south by the brook Jabbok, and on the north by mount Hermon; and seems to have been composed of two or three districts, on the south the land of Gilead, on the north the region of Argob, and east of both, the plain of Hauran. (See ver. 13-15.) The scenery of this elevated tract is described by Mr. Buckingham as extremely beautiful: its plains covered with a fertile soil; its hills covered with forests, and at every new turn presenting the most beautiful landscapes that can be imagined.
Og
1:4, 4:47, 29:7, 31:4, Numbers 21:33-35, Joshua 9:10, 12:4, 13:30, 1 Kings 4:19, Nehemiah 9:22, Psalms 135:10,11, 136:20
Edrei
This town is placed by Eusebius about 25 miles northward from Bostri; and mentioned by Burckhardt under the name of Draa.
Verse 2

And the LORD said unto me, Fear him not: for I will deliver him, and all his people, and his land, into thy hand; and thou shalt do unto him as thou didst unto Sihon king of the Amorites, which dwelt at Heshbon.
Fear
11, 20:3, Numbers 14:9, 2 Chronicles 20:17, Isaiah 41:10, 43:5, Acts 18:9, 27:24, Revelation 2:10
as thou didst
2:24-37, Numbers 21:23-25
Verse 3

So the LORD our God delivered into our hands Og also, the king of Bashan, and all his people: and we smote him until none was left to him remaining.
2:33,34, Numbers 21:35, Joshua 13:12,30
Verse 4

And we took all his cities at that time, there was not a city which we took not from them, threescore cities, all the region of Argob, the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
all his cities
Numbers 32:33-42, Joshua 12:4, 13:30,31
all the region
1 Kings 4:13
Verse 5

All these cities were fenced with high walls, gates, and bars; beside unwalled towns a great many.
1:28, Numbers 13:28, Hebrews 11:30
Verse 6

And we utterly destroyed them, as we did unto Sihon king of Heshbon, utterly destroying the men, women, and children, of every city.
we utterly
2:34, 20:16-18, Leviticus 27:28,29, Numbers 21:2, Joshua 11:14
as we did
2, 2:24,34, Psalms 135:10-12, 136:19-21
Verse 7

But all the cattle, and the spoil of the cities, we took for a prey to ourselves.
2:35, Joshua 8:27, 11:11-14
Verse 8

And we took at that time out of the hand of the two kings of the Amorites the land that was on this side Jordan, from the river of Arnon unto mount Hermon;
the land
Numbers 32:33-42, Joshua 12:2-6, 13:9-12
Verse 9

(Which Hermon the Sidonians call Sirion; and the Amorites call it Shenir;)
Hermon
Mount Hermon is the south-eastern branch of Lebanon, beyond Jordan. The Chaldee Targumist, who places it at Cæsarea and Samaritan interpreter call it toor talga, "the mountain of snow," because of its being always covered with snow; and Jerome informs us, that it lies higher than Paneas or Cæsarea Philippi, and that in the summer time snow used to be carried from thence to Tyre. It is now call El Heish, and is comprised in the district of Kanneytra.
4:48,49, Psalms 29:6, 89:12, 133:3, Song of Solomon 4:8
Shenir
1 Chronicles 5:23, Ezekiel 27:5
Senir
Verse 10

All the cities of the plain, and all Gilead, and all Bashan, unto Salchah and Edrei, cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan.
the cities
4:49
Edrei
Numbers 21:33, Joshua 12:4,5, 13:11,12,31
Verse 11

For only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of giants; behold, his bedstead was a bedstead of iron; is it not in Rabbath of the children of Ammon? nine cubits was the length thereof, and four cubits the breadth of it, after the cubit of a man.
giants
Genesis 14:5
Rabbath
2 Samuel 12:26, Jeremiah 49:2, Ezekiel 21:20, Amos 1:14
Rabbah
nine cubits.
1 Samuel 17:4, Amos 2:9
Verse 12

And this land, which we possessed at that time, from Aroer, which is by the river Arnon, and half mount Gilead, and the cities thereof, gave I unto the Reubenites and to the Gadites.
from Aroer
2:36, 4:48, Numbers 32:33-38, Joshua 12:2-6, 13:8-12,14-28, 2 Kings 10:33
Verse 13

And the rest of Gilead, and all Bashan, being the kingdom of Og, gave I unto the half tribe of Manasseh; all the region of Argob, with all Bashan, which was called the land of giants.
the rest
Numbers 32:39-42, Joshua 13:29-32, 1 Chronicles 5:23-26
which was called
Michaelis says, "The tradition that giants formerly dwelt in this part, still remains in Arabia, only that it makes them rather taller than Moses does Og, and calls the land in which they lived, not Bashan, but Hadrach, which name occurs in Zec 9:1. I received this information from the verbal communication of a credible Arab, who was born on the other side of Jordan, about three-days journey from Damascus."
Verse 14

Jair the son of Manasseh took all the country of Argob unto the coasts of Geshuri and Maachathi; and called them after his own name, Bashanhavothjair, unto this day.
Jair
1 Chronicles 2:21-23
Argob
Geshuri
Joshua 13:13, 2 Samuel 3:3, 10:6, 13:37
Bashan-havoth-jair
Numbers 32:41
Verse 15

And I gave Gilead unto Machir.
Machir
Genesis 50:23, Numbers 26:29, 32:39,40, Joshua 17:1-3, 22:7
Verse 16

And unto the Reubenites and unto the Gadites I gave from Gilead even unto the river Arnon half the valley, and the border even unto the river Jabbok, which is the border of the children of Ammon;
Reubenites
Numbers 32:33-38, 2 Samuel 24:5
river Jabbok
2:37, Genesis 32:22, Numbers 21:24, Joshua 12:2,3
Verse 17

The plain also, and Jordan, and the coast thereof, from Chinnereth even unto the sea of the plain, even the salt sea, under Ashdothpisgah eastward.
Chinnereth
Numbers 34:11, Joshua 12:3
the sea
4:49, Genesis 13:10, 14:3, 19:28,29, Numbers 34:11,12, Joshua 3:16, 12:3, 15:2,5, Joshua 18:19
Ashdoth-pisgah
or, the springs of Pisgah, or, the hill.
Numbers 23:14
Verse 18

And I commanded you at that time, saying, The LORD your God hath given you this land to possess it: ye shall pass over armed before your brethren the children of Israel, all that are meet for the war.
I commanded
Numbers 32:20-24, Joshua 1:12-15, 4:12,13, 22:1-9
meet for the war
Heb. sons of power.
Verse 20

Until the LORD have given rest unto your brethren, as well as unto you, and until they also possess the land which the LORD your God hath given them beyond Jordan: and then shall ye return every man unto his possession, which I have given you.
return
Joshua 22:4,8
Verse 21

And I commanded Joshua at that time, saying, Thine eyes have seen all that the LORD your God hath done unto these two kings: so shall the LORD do unto all the kingdoms whither thou passest.
I commanded
Numbers 27:18-23
so shall
Joshua 10:25, 1 Samuel 17:36,37, Psalms 9:10, 2 Corinthians 1:10, 12:10, Ephesians 3:20, 2 Timothy 4:17,18
Verse 22

Ye shall not fear them: for the LORD your God he shall fight for you.
shall not
Isaiah 43:1,2
for the Lord
1:30, 20:4, Exodus 14:14, Numbers 21:34, Joshua 10:42, 2 Chronicles 13:12, 20:17,29, Psalms 44:3
Verse 23

And I besought the LORD at that time, saying,
2 Corinthians 12:8,9
Verse 24

O Lord GOD, thou hast begun to shew thy servant thy greatness, and thy mighty hand: for what God is there in heaven or in earth, that can do according to thy works, and according to thy might?
thy greatness
11:2, Nehemiah 9:32, Psalms 106:2, 145:3,6, Jeremiah 32:18-21
what God
Exodus 15:11, 2 Samuel 7:22, Psalms 35:10, 71:19, 86:8, 89:6,8, Isaiah 40:18,25, Jeremiah 10:6, Daniel 3:29
Verse 25

I pray thee, let me go over, and see the good land that is beyond Jordan, that goodly mountain, and Lebanon.
the good land
4:21,22, 11:11,12, Exodus 3:8, Numbers 32:5, Ezekiel 20:6
Lebanon
Lebanon is a long chain of limestone mountains, extending from near the coast of the Mediterranean on the west to the plains of Damascus on the east, and forming the extreme northern boundary of the Holy Land. It is divided into two principal ridges, running parallel to each other in a north-north-east direction; the most westerly of which was properly called Libanus, and the easterly Anti-Libanus: the Hebrews did not make this distinction. It is computed to be fifteen or sixteen hundred fathoms in height. They are by no means barren, but are almost all well cultivated and well peopled; their summits being in many parts level, and forming extensive plains, in which are sown corn and all kinds of pulse. Vineyards, and plantations of olive, mulberry, and fig trees, are also cultivated in terraces formed by walls; and the soil of the declivities and hollows is most excellent, and produces abundance of corn, oil, and wine.
Verse 26

But the LORD was wroth with me for your sakes, and would not hear me: and the LORD said unto me, Let it suffice thee; speak no more unto me of this matter.
the Lord
1:37, 31:2, 32:51,52, 34:4, Numbers 20:7-12, 27:12-14, Psalms 106:32,33, Isaiah 53:5,6, Matthew 26:39
Let it
1 Chronicles 17:4,12,13, 22:7-9, 28:2-4, Matthew 20:22, 2 Corinthians 12:8
Verse 27

Get thee up into the top of Pisgah, and lift up thine eyes westward, and northward, and southward, and eastward, and behold it with thine eyes: for thou shalt not go over this Jordan.
thee up
34:1-4, Numbers 27:12
Pisgah
or, the hill.
lift up
Genesis 13:14,15
Verse 28

But charge Joshua, and encourage him, and strengthen him: for he shall go over before this people, and he shall cause them to inherit the land which thou shalt see.
charge Joshua
1:38, 31:3,7,23, Numbers 27:18-23, 1 Chronicles 22:6,11-16, 28:9,10,20, 1 Timothy 6:13, 1 Timothy 6:14, 2 Timothy 2:1-3, 4:1-6
for he shall
Joshua 1:2, 3:7-17, John 1:17, Acts 7:45, Hebrews 4:8
Jesus
Verse 29

So we abode in the valley over against Bethpeor.
4:3,46, 34:6, Numbers 25:3, 33:48,49

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