Bible Commentaries

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Deuteronomy 22

Clinging to a Counterfeit Cross
Introduction

1  Of humanity towards brethren.
5  The sex is to be distinguished by apparel.
6  The dam is not to be taken with her young ones.
8  The house must have battlements.
9  Confusion is to be avoided.
12  Fringes upon the vesture.
13  The punishment of him that slanders his wife.
22  Of adultery;
23  of rape;
28  of fornication;
30  of incest.
Verse 1

Thou shalt not see thy brother's ox or his sheep go astray, and hide thyself from them: thou shalt in any case bring them again unto thy brother.
Thou shalt
Exodus 23:4, Ezekiel 34:4,16, Matthew 10:6, 15:24, 18:12,13, Luke 15:4-6, James 5:19,20, 1 Peter 2:25
hide thyself
3,4, Leviticus 20:4, Proverbs 24:11, 28:27, Isaiah 8:17, 58:7, Luke 10:31,32
Verse 2

And if thy brother be not nigh unto thee, or if thou know him not, then thou shalt bring it unto thine own house, and it shall be with thee until thy brother seek after it, and thou shalt restore it to him again.
thou shalt restore
Matthew 7:12, 1 Thessalonians 4:6
Verse 4

Thou shalt not see thy brother's ass or his ox fall down by the way, and hide thyself from them: thou shalt surely help him to lift them up again.
thou shalt surely
Exodus 23:4,5, Matthew 5:44, Luke 10:29-37, Romans 15:1, 2 Corinthians 12:15, Galatians 6:1,2, 1 Thessalonians 5:14, Hebrews 12:12,13
Verse 5

The woman shall not wear that which pertaineth unto a man, neither shall a man put on a woman's garment: for all that do so are abomination unto the LORD thy God.
woman shall not
1 Corinthians 11:4-15
abomination
18:12
Verse 6

If a bird's nest chance to be before thee in the way in any tree, or on the ground, whether they be young ones, or eggs, and the dam sitting upon the young, or upon the eggs, thou shalt not take the dam with the young:
young ones
Luke 12:6, Genesis 8:17, 32:11, Leviticus 22:28, Proverbs 12:10, Hosea 10:14
Verse 7

But thou shalt in any wise let the dam go, and take the young to thee; that it may be well with thee, and that thou mayest prolong thy days.
But thou shalt
The extirpation of any species of birds, whether edible or birds of prey, is often attended with serious consequences, and is always productive of evil; to prevent which was the object of this law. Palestine is situated in a climate producing poisonous snakes and scorpions, and between deserts and mountains, from which it would be inundated by them, as well as with immense swarms of flies, locusts, and mice, if the birds which feed upon them were extirpated. In a moral point of view, it may have been intended to inculcate a spirit of mercy and kindness, and to prevent the exercise of cruelty even towards a sparrow; for he who is guilty of such cruelty will, if circumstances be favourable, be cruel to his fellow-creatures.
that it may
4:40
thou mayest
Proverbs 22:4
Verse 8

When thou buildest a new house, then thou shalt make a battlement for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thine house, if any man fall from thence.
then thou shalt
The eastern houses being built with flat roofs, which were used for various purposed, as walking, sleeping, etc., it was therefore necessary to have a sort of battlement, or balustrade, to prevent accidents, by people falling off.
Exodus 21:28-36, 22:6, Romans 14:13, 1 Corinthians 10:32, Philippians 1:10, 1 Thessalonians 5:22
thy roof
2 Samuel 11:2, Isaiah 22:1, Jeremiah 19:13, Matthew 10:27, Mark 2:4, Acts 10:9
thou bring
Ezekiel 3:18,20, 32:2-9, Matthew 18:6,7, Acts 20:26,27
Verse 9

Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with divers seeds: lest the fruit of thy seed which thou hast sown, and the fruit of thy vineyard, be defiled.
shalt not sow
Leviticus 19:19, Matthew 6:24, 9:16, Romans 11:6, 2 Corinthians 1:12, 11:3, James 1:6-8, 3:10
fruit of thy seed
Heb. fulness of thy seed.
Verse 10

Thou shalt not plow with an ox and an ass together.
2 Corinthians 6:14-16
Verse 11

Thou shalt not wear a garment of divers sorts, as of woollen and linen together.
Leviticus 19:19
Verse 12

Thou shalt make thee fringes upon the four quarters of thy vesture, wherewith thou coverest thyself.
fringes
Numbers 15:38,39, Matthew 23:5
quarters
Heb. wings.
Verse 13

If any man take a wife, and go in unto her, and hate her,
Genesis 29:21,23,31, Judges 15:1,2, Ephesians 5:28,29
Verse 14

And give occasions of speech against her, and bring up an evil name upon her, and say, I took this woman, and when I came to her, I found her not a maid:
19, Exodus 20:16, 23:1, Proverbs 18:8,21, 1 Timothy 5:14
Verse 19

And they shall amerce him in an hundred shekels of silver, and give them unto the father of the damsel, because he hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel: and she shall be his wife; he may not put her away all his days.
he may not put
29, 24:1-4, Matthew 19:8,9
Verse 21

Then they shall bring out the damsel to the door of her father's house, and the men of her city shall stone her with stones that she die: because she hath wrought folly in Israel, to play the whore in her father's house: so shalt thou put evil away from among you.
stone her
22,24, 13:10, 17:5, 21:21, Leviticus 24:16,23, Numbers 15:35,36
she hath wrought
Genesis 34:7, Leviticus 21:9, Judges 20:6,10, 2 Samuel 13:12,13
shalt thou
13:5, 17:7, 19:19
Verse 22

If a man be found lying with a woman married to an husband, then they shall both of them die, both the man that lay with the woman, and the woman: so shalt thou put away evil from Israel.
Leviticus 20:10, Numbers 5:22-27, Ezekiel 23:45-47, John 8:4,5, Hebrews 13:4
Verse 23

If a damsel that is a virgin be betrothed unto an husband, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her;
20:7, Matthew 1:18,19
Verse 24

Then ye shall bring them both out unto the gate of that city, and ye shall stone them with stones that they die; the damsel, because she cried not, being in the city; and the man, because he hath humbled his neighbour's wife: so thou shalt put away evil from among you.
and ye shall stone
In these laws, the betrothed damsel was considered as the wife of the man to whom she was engaged, though they had not come together; and therefore the crime was adjudged adultery. But a charitable supposition is admitted in the damsel's favour, in case she was found in a solitary place.
he hath humbled
21:14, Genesis 29:21, Matthew 1:20,24
so thou shalt put
21,22,24, 13:5, 1 Corinthians 5:2,13
Verse 25

But if a man find a betrothed damsel in the field, and the man force her, and lie with her: then the man only that lay with her shall die:
force her
or, take strong hold of her.
2 Samuel 13:14
Verse 26

But unto the damsel thou shalt do nothing; there is in the damsel no sin worthy of death: for as when a man riseth against his neighbour, and slayeth him, even so is this matter:
no sin
21:22
Verse 27

For he found her in the field, and the betrothed damsel cried, and there was none to save her.
cried
1 Corinthians 13:7
Verse 28

If a man find a damsel that is a virgin, which is not betrothed, and lay hold on her, and lie with her, and they be found;
Exodus 22:16,17
Verse 29

Then the man that lay with her shall give unto the damsel's father fifty shekels of silver, and she shall be his wife; because he hath humbled her, he may not put her away all his days.
because he hath humbled
19,24, 21:14
Verse 30

A man shall not take his father's wife, nor discover his father's skirt.
a man shall
This is to be understood as referring to the case of a stepmother. A man in his old age may have married a young woman, and on his dying, his son by another, or a former wife, may desire to espouse her; which is here forbidden.
27:20, Leviticus 18:8, 20:11, 1 Corinthians 5:1,13
discover
Ruth 3:9, Ezekiel 16:8

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