Bible Commentaries

began.See note on Mark 1:1.

by = in. Greek. en App-104. as in Mark 12:36.

man. Greek. anthropos. App-123.

set an hedge = placed a fence.

winefat. Occurs only here in N.T. = a wine-vat. "Fat" is from A.S. foet= a vessel (compare Dutch vatten= to catch). Northern Eng. for vat.

tower = watch-house. See note on Matthew 21:33.

let it out, &c. See note on Matthew 21:33.

huabandmen = vine-dressers.

went into a far country = went abroad. See note on Matthew 21:33.

at the season. The fourth year after planting it; no profit till then. See Leviticus 19:23, Leviticus 19:24.

to. Greek. pros. App-104.

servant = bond-servant.

from. Greek. para. App-104. Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:25, Mark 12:34.

of = from. Greek. apo. App-104. Same word as in Mark 12:38; not the same as in Mark 12:44. This shows that part of, or the whole rent was to be paid in kind. See note on "let it out", Matthew 21:33.

caught = took.

unto.Greek. pros. App-104. As in verses: Mark 12:6, Mark 12:13, Mark 12:18.

another. Greek. allos App-124.

at him, &c. = him they stoned. This word "stoned" is omitted by all the texts.

sent him away shamefully handled. L T Tr. WH R with Syriac read "insulted him".

many others. All these were "His servants the prophets" up to John the Baptist. Supply the Ellipsis from Mark 12:4 thus: "Many others [He sent, whom they used shamefully], beating some and killing some".

beating. = scourging.

therefore. Omitted by [L] T Tr. A WH R with Syriac.

his = his own.

wellbeloved = beloved. App-135.

last. A Divine supplement, here.

reverence = have respect to.

said . . . This = said that (Greek. hoti) this is, &c.

among = to. Gu pros. App-104.

killed him. As the Lord had already revealed to the disciples (Mark 10:32-34).

out = outside.

shall = will.

the lord. Implying and leading up to the interpretation. App-98. A.

unto others. The new Israel, as foretold in Isaiah 66:7-14.

others. Greek. Plural of" allos. App-124.

have ye not read . ? See, App-143.

not = not even. Greek. oude. Compound of ou. See App-105.

The Stone, &c. Quoted from Psalms 118:22. Compare Acts 4:10-12. See App-107.

is = this is.

This was, &c. = this was from Jehovah (Greek. para. App-104.)

the LORD " S = Jehovah"s. App-98. B. a.

in. Greek. en. App-104. Same word as in tiro. 23, -25, 26-, 35, 38, 39. Not the same as in verses: Mark 12:12, Mark 12:14; Mar 12:-26.

for = because.

knew = came to know, or perceived. Greek ginosko. See App-152. Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:14, Mark 12:15, Mark 12:24.

against. Greek pros. App-104.

Pharisees. App-120.

to catch = that they might catch.

catch. Greek. agreuo = to take in hunting: hence, to ensnare. In Matthew 22:15 it is pagideuo = to ensnare ("entangle "). Both are Divine supplementary render ings of the same Aramaic word: Matt. giving the result of the hunting. Neither of the two words occurs elsewhere.

words = discourse. Greek logos. See note on Mark 9:32.

Master. Teacher. As in Mark 12:19, Mark 12:32. App-98. Mark 12:1.

we know. Greek oida. See App-132.

for = about, or concerning. Greek. peri. App-104.

no man = no one. Greek oudeis, a compound of ou. App-105.

for = because.

regardest not = lookest (App-133.) not (Greek. ou. App-105) on (Greek. eis. App-104.)

God. Greek. Theos. App-98.

in = with. Greek. epi. App-104.

tribute. Occurs only here and in Matthew 17:25 with Matthew 22:17, Matthew 22:19. See notes there.

not. Greek. me. App-105. Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:10, Mark 12:15

Shall we give, &c. A Divine supplement, here.

not. Greek me. App-105. Same word as in Mark 12:24. Not the same as in verses: Mark 12:10, Mark 12:14, Mark 12:24-; Mar 12:26; Mar 12:27; Mar 12:34,

penny = denarion. See note on Matthew 22:19. App-51.

image, &c. See note on Matthew 22:20.

Jesus. App-98.

answering said. Hebrew idiom. See note, on Deuteronomy 1:41.

marvelled = were wondering. T WH R read "wondered beyond measure" (exehaumasan, instead of ethaumasan, with Authorized Version L Tr. A and Syriac.)

Sadducees. (No Article.) See App-120.

which = they who. Greek. hoitines, marking them as a class characterized by this denial.

no. Greek. me. App-105. As in Mark 12:19; not the same as in verses: Mark 12:20, Mark 12:22, i.e. they denied it subjectively.

asked = questioned.

Moses. See note on Mark 1:44 and Matthew 8:4.

If, &c. Deuteronomy 25:5, Deuteronomy 25:6. Assuming a simple hypothesis. See App-118.

no. Greek. ou. App-105. Some as in Mark 12:22; not the same as in verses: Mark 12:18, Mark 12:19.

neither. Compound of ou. App-105.

woman died also = woman also died.

had = gat.

Do ye not. ? Figure of speech Erotesis (App-6), for emphasis.

therefore = on account of (dia. App-104. Mark 12:2) this; referring to the reasons about to be stated in the next two clauses.

know. Greek. oida. App-132.

neither. Greek. mede. A compound of me. App-105.

power = (inherent) power, App-172.

from = from among. Greek. ek. App-104.

the dead. No Art. See App-139.

And as touching = But concerning. Greek. peri. App-104.

the dead = dead bodies, or corpses. With Art. See App-139. Not the same as in Mark 12:27.

in the bush = at (Greek. epi. App-104.) the place concerning the bush: i.e. the passage about it in Exodus 3:6. Compare Romans 11:2 "in Elijah"; see note there.

I and, &c. Quoted from Exodus 3:2-6, and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton. App-6.

the dead = dead people. Not the same as in Mark 12:26. No Art. See App-139.

the living: i.e. those who live again in resurrection. See note on Matthew 9:18. Therefore they must rise. This is the only logical conclusion of the Lord's argu ment. The whole subject is resurrection.

Ye, Note the emphasis on this pronoun. This clause is a Divine supplement, here.

came = came up; or came to [Him].

perceiving. Greek. oida. App-132.

well = admirably, finely.

asked = questioned.

Which = Of what nature.

the first, &c. = the first of all the commandments.

Hear, O Israel, &c. Quoted from Deuteronomy 6:4, Deuteronomy 6:5.

The LORD. . . LORD = Jehovah . . . Jehovah. App-98.

one. See note on Deuteronomy 6:4.

love. See App-135.

with = out of, or from. Greek. ek. App-104.

all thy = thy whole.

and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndetom. App-6.

soul. Greek. psuche. App-110.

this (is] the first commandment. Note (in the Greek) the Figure of speech Homoeoteleuton (App-6), for emphasis: haute, prote, entole.

Thou shalt, &o. Quoted from Leviticus 19:18.

neighbour = the one near. Compare Matthew 5:43. Luke 10:27, Luke 10:29, Luke 10:36,

none, &c = not (Greek. ou. App-105.) another commandment greater.

Mark 12:32-34 are a Divine supplement, here.

Well = "Right", or as we say "Good".

the truth = according to (Greek. epi. App-104.) the truth: i.e. truthfully. App-175.

for = that.

there is one God. All the texts read "that He is One "(omitting the word "God").

but He = besides Him.

understanding = intelligence. Greek. sunesis = a putting together. Not the same word as in Mark 12:30, which is dianoia = mind, the thinking faculty.

more, &c. Compare 1 Samuel 15:22.

discreetly = judiciously. Greek nounechos. Occurs only here in N. T,

from = away from. Greek. apo App-104.

the kingdom of God. See App-114.

while He taught in the temple. See App-156.

Christ = the Messiah. (With Art.) See Matthew 1:1. App-98.

the son of David. See App-88.

David himself. These are the Lord's words. He did not "accept the current view", but He spake from the Father Himself. See Deuteronomy 18:18. John 7:16; John 8:28; John 8:46, John 8:47; John 12:49; John 14:10, John 14:24; John 17:8. This settles the authorship of Psalm 110.

said. Quoted from Psalms 110:1. Midway between Abraham and Messiah, this Psalm was given to David.

the Holy Ghost. See App-101.

my Lord. App-98. A. e. The same as Hebrew. Adonai. See App-4.

on = at. Greek ek App-104.

till I make. See note on Matthew 22:44,

make = shall have set.

Lord. App-98. B. b.

the common people = the great crowd. Indicating numerical, not social, distinction.

doctrine = teaching.

Beware = take heed. App-133.

of = away from (Greek. apo. App-104.): i.e. take heed [and keep] away from. Not the some word as in Mark 12:44.

love = desire, or will to. Greek. thelo. App-102.

go = walk about.

long clothing = robes. Greek. stolais.

chief seats. See note on Matthew 23:6.

uppermost rooms = first couches or places.

at = in. Greek. en. App-104. Not the same as in. Mark 12:17.

devour = eat up. Being occupied in making wills and conveyances of property, they abused their office.

greater damnation = heavier judgment.

Mark 12:41-44 is parallel with Luke 21:1-4. See notes there.

the treasury. Situated in the women's court, occupying about 200 feet square, and surrounded by a colonnade. Inside, against the wall, were thirteen receptacles, called "trumpets" (from their shape) nine being for legal dues, and four for voluntary contributions. All labelled for their special objects.

beheld = observed thoughtfully. Greek. theoreo. App-133.

cast = are casting.

money = copper money; called prutah, two of which made a farthing.

into. Greek. eis. App-104.

cast in = were casting [in] (as He looked on),

much = many [coins]. Referring to number, not to value.

a certain poor widow = one poor widow.

threw = cast, as above,

mites. Pl, of lepton = the small thin Jewish copper coin (from leptos = peeled, or pared down). Occ only here, and Luke 12:59; Luke 21:2. See App-51.

a farthing. Greek. kodrantes. A [Roman] quadrans; i.e. a fourth, being a fourth of the Roman "as". Hence a fourthing = our farthing. Occurs only here, and Matthew 5:26. See App-51.

Verily. See note on Matthew 5:18.

this poor widow = this widow; and she a poor one.

of = out of. Greek ek. App-104.

want = destitution.

all = the whole.

that = as much as.

living = life. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Effect), App-6, for the means whereby her life was supported: i.e. her livelihood. Greek. bios. See App-170.